Table 3.
Estimated means and 95% confidence intervals from linear mixed models.
| Outcome | Time point | Pain CST (N = 124) mean (95% CI) |
WL control (N = 124) mean (95% CI) |
Treatment difference: pain CST-WL mean (95% CI) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WOMAC pain subscale | Baseline | 11.01 (10.52,11.49) | |||
| 3 mo | 9.42 (8.77, 10.06) | 10.05 (9.42, 10.68) | −0.63 (−1.45, 0.18) | 0.128 | |
| 9 mo | 8.77 (8.04, 9.50) | 9.61 (8.91,10.30) | −0.84 (−1.73, 0.06) | 0.068 | |
| WOMAC total subscale | Baseline | 52.99 (50.79,55.19) | |||
| 3 mo | 46.39 (43.49, 49.29) | 49.01 (46.16, 51.86) | −2.62 (−6.01, 0.77) | 0.129 | |
| 9 mo | 44.18 (40.96, 47.40) | 47.49 (44.39, 50.59) | −3.31 (−7.07, 0.44) | 0.084 | |
| WOMAC function | Baseline | 37.00 (35.37, 38.64) | |||
| 3 mo | 32.93 (30.76, 35.10) | 35.54 (32.41, 36.67) | −1.61 (−4.14, 0.91) | 0.209 | |
| 9 mo | 31.40 (29.00, 33.80) | 33.60 (31.29, 35.90) | −2.20 (5.03, 0.63) | 0.128 | |
| PROMIS Pain Interference | Baseline | 63.75 (62.89,64.62) | |||
| 3 mo | 61.12 (60.04, 62.21) | 61.96 (60.90, 63.01) | −0.83 (−2.18, 0.51) | 0.222 | |
| 9 mo | 61.00 (59.74, 62.27) | 62.14 (60.92, 63.36) | −1.14 (−2.60, 0.33) | 0.128 | |
| SF-12 Physical Component Health Score | Baseline | 33.08 (31.95,34.2) | |||
| 3 mo | 35.67 (33.99, 37.36) | 33.96 (32.31, 35.61) | 1.71 (−0.40, 3.82) | 0.111 | |
| 9 mo | 35.55 (33.82, 37.27) | 34.81 (33.17, 36.45) | 0.73 (−1.42, 2.88) | 0.502 | |
| SF-12 Mental Health Component Score* | 3 mo | −0.72 (−2.08, 0.64) | −1.48 (−2.82, −0.15) | 0.76 (−1.15, 2.66) | 0.433 |
| 9 mo | −0.57 (−2.13, 0.99) | −2.28 (−3.76, −0.79) | 1.71 (−0.45, 3.86) | 0.120 | |
| CSQ Total Coping Attempts | Baseline | 105.38 (100.62, 110.13) | |||
| 3 mo | 121.84 (116.48, 127.19) | 106.53 (101.28, 111.78) | 15.31 (9.09, 21.53) | 0.001 | |
| 9 mo | 114.65 (108.88, 120.41) | 102.97 (97.42, 108.52) | 11.67 (5.08, 18.27) | <0.001 | |
| Pain Catastrophizing Scale | Baseline | 19.73 (18.19,21.28) | |||
| 3 mo | 17.81 (15.81, 19.81) | 20.84 (18.87, 22.81) | −3.03 (−5.25, −0.8) | 0.008 | |
| 9 mo | 16.98 (14.86, 19.09) | 18.35 (16.33, 20.38) | −1.38 (−3.85, 1.09) | 0.273 | |
| PHQ-8 | Baseline | 6.19 (5.53, 6.85) | |||
| 3 mo | 5.87 (4.99, 6.75) | 6.37 (5.51,7.23) | −0.50 (−1.57, 0.57) | 0.356 | |
| 9 mo | 5.30 (4.36, 6.23) | 6.31 (5.43, 7.20) | −1.02 (−2.19, 0.15) | 0.087 | |
| Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scale | Baseline | 5.87 (5.62, 6.11) | |||
| 3 mo | 6.67 (6.35, 6.99) | 5.66 (5.35, 5.98) | 1.01 (0.61, 1.41) | <0.001 | |
| 9 mo | 6.33 (5.99, 6.67) | 5.66 (5.33, 5.99) | 0.67 (0.24, 1.09) | 0.002 | |
| YALE Physical Activity Scale† | Baseline | 58.55 (55.09, 62.01) | |||
| 3 mo | 60.72 (56.16, 65.28) | 55.72 (51.29, 60.15) | 5.00 (−0.93, 10.93) | 0.078 | |
| 9 mo | 56.66 (51.85, 61.46) | 53.80 (49.38, 58.22) | 2.85 (−3.05, 8.75) | 0.727 | |
| Patient Global Assessment of Pain Change‡ | |||||
| 3 mo | 2.91 (2.67, 3.14) | 4.18 (3.95, 4.40) | −1.27 (−1.60, −0.95) | <0.001 | |
| 9 mo | 3.25 (2.99, 3.52) | 4.13 (3.87, 4.38) | −0.87 (−1.24, −0.51) | <0.001 |
*
Analyzed as change score from baseline (follow-up 2 baseline).
†
Square root transformed variable.
‡
Assessed at 3 and 9 months only and reported as change from baseline.
CI, confidence interval; CSQ, Coping Strategies Questionnaire; CST, coping skills training; WL, wait list.