Table 3.

Hepatitis C seroprevalence studies in incarcerated populations and homeless populations

Reference	Location	Study Dates	Total No. Tested	No. HCV Antibody-Positive	HCV Antibody Prevalence	No. HCV RNA-Positive	HCV RNA Prevalence
Incarcerated
Akiyama et al.29	New York, NY	2013-2014	10,856	2234	20.6%	--	11.8%a
Cocoros et al.30	Barnstable County, MA	2009-2011	596	122	20.5%	23	15.2%b
de la Flor et al.31	Dallas County, TX	2015-2016	3,042	500	16.4%	--	9.5%a
Kuncio et al.32	Philadelphia, PA	2012	1,289	154	11.9%	--	6.9%a
Mahowald et al.33	Pennsylvania	2004-2012	101,727	18454	18.1%	5288	12.6%b
Schoenbachler et al.34	Durham County, NC	2012-2014	669	88	13.2%	66	10.7%b
Stockman et al.35	Wisconsin	2014-2015	1,239	155	12.5%	110	9.1%b
			Mean prevalence:		16.1%		10.7%
Homeless
Coyle et al.36	Philadelphia, PA	2012-2014	1,079	159	14.7%	108	10.8%c
			Mean prevalence:		14.7%		10.8%

^aCalculated as (reported HCV Antibody Prevalence) x (NHANES 2013-2016 HCV RNA prevalence), where NHANES 2013-2016 HCV RNA prevalence among antibody positives=0.575

^bCalculated as (Number HCV RNA-Positive/Number Tested HCV RNA) x (reported HCV Antibody Prevalence)

^cCalculated as (reported HCV Antibody Prevalence) x (Number HCV RNA-Positive/(0.924 x Number HCV Antibody-Positive)), where the calculation is adjusted by the 92.4% of study participants reported to have received RNA testing

Abbreviations: HCV, hepatitis C virus