Table 2. TIDieR-checklist, template for intervention description and replication.
Author | Item 1+2, Brief name and Why | Item 3+4, What (materials and procedures) | Item 5, Who provided | Item 6, How | Item 7, Where | Item 8, When and How much | Item 9 + 10, Tailoring and Modification | Item 11, Strategies to improve or maintain intervention fidelity and adherence | Item 12, Extent of intervention fidelity and adherence |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Astin et al. 2003 [34] | Mindfulness Meditation Plus Qigong Movement Therapy. Aim: to test the potential effect of Mindfulness and Qigong |
First 90 minutes of each session based on MBSR, followed by 60 minutes introduction to qigong | Mindfulness instructors not reported. Qigong taught by Chinese master | Group—based (n = 10–20) | University | 8 weeks, 8 2.5-hours, All-day retreat not reported | Not reported | Not reported | 26% never attended a class. Of 128 randomized into 2 groups, 50 (39%) dropped out from the study prior to 'end of treatment', 61 (48%) dropped out by week 16, and 63 (49%) failed to complete 24 week assessment |
Cash et al. 2015 [41] | MBSR alleviates FM symptoms in women. Aim: to test MBSR on physiological effects |
MBSR (5). Home practice assignments | Trained MBSR instructors | Group-based (n = 10–12) | University | 8 weeks, 8 2.5-hours, All-day retreat reported | Not reported | Attendance monitored and absent participants received a reminder phone call to attend subsequent sessions | Of 51 randomized to intervention 42 (82%) completed 5.5 sessions. Attendance rate dropped from 90% to 57% by 4th meeting and maintained between 57 and 65%. 68% of controls provided follow-up data |
Grossman et al. 2007 [35] | MBSR for FM. Aim: to compare MBSR to an active control including social support, relaxation and stretching exercises |
MBSR (5). Home practice assignments | Trained MBSR instructors | Group-based (n = 10–15) | Not reported | 8 weeks, 8 2.5-hours, All-day retreat reported | Not reported | Semi-structured individual interviews by instructor before/after intervention on health-related problems and expectations | Of the 58 participants, 6 (10.3%) dropped out (4 from MBSR and 2 from control). All remaining participants completed at least four sessions |
Luciano et al. 2014 [36] | Effectiveness of group ACT for FM. Aim: extend findings of Wicksell 2012 with larger sample, longer follow-up and pharmacological control | ACT (7). Home practice assignments | Trained ACT instructors | Group-based (n = 10–15) | Not reported | 8 weeks, 8 2.5-hours | Not reported | Video recording of instructors in sessions to insure fidelity. Interview with the participants at baseline | Of 142 participants randomized into 3 groups 20 dropped out of the study. 45 (88%) in GACT, 44 (85%) in RPR, and 47 (89%) in WL completed the study |
Parra Delgado et al. 2013 [37] | Effectiveness of MBCT in the treatment of FM. Aim: to examine whether MBCT may reduce the impact of the illness | MBCT (6). Home practice assignments | Trained MBCT instructors | Group-based (n = 17) | Not reported | 8 weeks, 8 2.5-hours, All-day retreat not reported | Pain experience acceptance in different mediation practices, awareness of pain-related automatic thought, information on anxiety | Not reported | 15 of 17 randomized to intervention group, participated. Drop-out reasons not explained. Ten attended six or more sessions (one attended four, sessions, four five, five six, three seven and two eight sessions. Controls: treatment-as-usual (n = 16), no drop-out |
Schmidt et al. 2011 [38] | MBSR on FM. Aim: to include control group to replicate and extend earlier trials lacking randomization or control group |
MBSR (5). Home practice assignments | Trained MBSR instructor | Group-based (n = 12) | University | 8 weeks, 8 2.5-hours, All-day retreat reported | Not reported | Semi-structured individual interviews by instructor before/after intervention to help participants formulate realistic individual goals for the intervention | Of 137 participants, 25 (18%) dropped out. Similar attendance rate for both interventions (three-armed RCT) |
Septhon et al. 2007 [39] | Evaluate whether MBSR provides advantage over standard treatment for depressive symptoms. Aim: to test the effects of MBSR on depressive symptoms |
MBSR (5). Home practice assignments | Trained MBSR instructor | Group-based (n = 10–12) | Not reported | 8 weeks, 8 2.5-hours, All-day retreat reported | Not reported | Attendance monitored and absent participants received phone call reminder for subsequent sessions | Of 91 treatment participants, 42 (46%) were considered to have completed MBSR during at least 4 of 8 weekly group sessions. Nine attended 4 sessions (18%) |
Simister et al. 2018 [42] | RCT of Online ACT for FM. Aim: to evaluate the efficacy of an online ACT protocol |
Online ACT (7). Homework exercises | Online platform with seven modules. Each contained written content, mp3 files and videos developed for each module | Online | Access to computer | Participants had two months to complete the program, encouraged to use approx. one week to complete each module | Online ACT protocol modified after clinical pilot study | Treatment team provided weekly e-mail reminders to complete the program and a reminder to contact a team member if any questions or concerns | All 67 intervention group participants accessed the program during treatment period. 60% practiced exercises from ACT components at least once per day, 80% more than once a week |
Wicksell et al. 2012 [40] | ACT for FM Aim: to evaluate the efficacy of ACT for FM |
ACT (7) | Trained ACT instructors | Group-based (n = 6) | Not reported | 12 weeks, 12 1,5-hours sessions | Not reported | If unable to attend a group session, individual 30-min session summary was provided prior to next session. Video recording of instructors in sessions to assess treatment integrity | 3 of 23 participants (13%) in the intervention group dropped out during treatment. One of 17 dropped out in the waitlist group |
FM = fibromyalgia, MBSR = mindfulness-based stress reduction, MBCT = mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, RCT = randomized controlled trial, ACT = acceptance and commitment therapy