Summary of findings 6. QTc prolongation.
| Outcome: QTc prolongation | ||||||
|
Patient or population: critically ill adult with confirmed or at high risk of delirium
Settings: intensive care units in Australia and New Zealand, Canada, Egypt, Netherlands, Turkey, USA, UK
Intervention: any pharmacological intervention Control: placebo or active comparator | ||||||
| Comparisons | Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI) |
Relative effect OR (95% CI) |
Absolute effect (auto calculation using GRADEpro GDT) |
Number of participants (studies) | Quality of the evidence (GRADE) | |
| Assumed risk | Corresponding risk | |||||
| Placebo/Comparator | Intervention drug | |||||
| Typical antipsychotic vs placebo | 62 per 1000 | 78 per 1000 | 1.26 (0.68 to 2.34) I² = 0% | 15 more per 1000 (from 19 fewer to 72 more) | 656 (4 studies) | ⊕⊕⊕⊕ High |
| Atypical antipsychotic vs placebo | 90 per 1000 | 118 per 1000 | 1.28 (0.45 to 3.66) I² = 56% | 22 more per 1000 (from 48 fewer to 176 more) | 577 (4 studies) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ Moderatea |
| Typical antipsychotic vs atypical antipsychotic | 114 per 1000 | 66 per 1000 | 0.55 (0.28 to 1.08) I² = 0% | 48 fewer per 1000 (from 79 fewer to 8 more) | 447 (2 studies) | ⊕⊕⊕⊕ High |
| Alpha2 agonist vs typical antipsychotic | 400 per 1000 | 400 per 1000 | 1.00 (0.17 to 5.98) I² not applicable | 0 fewer per 1000 (from 298 fewer to 399 more) | 20 (1 study) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Lowb |
| Alpha2 agonist vs 5HT3 inhibitor | 0 per 1000 | 0 per 1000 | OR not estimable I² not applicable | Not estimable | 64 (1 study) | ⊕⊕⊝⊝ Lowb |
| *The basis for the assumed risk (e.g. the median control group risk across studies). The corresponding risk (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). CI: confidence interval; OR: odds ratio. | ||||||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence. High quality: further research is very unlikely to change our confidence in the estimate of effect. Moderate quality: further research is likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and may change the estimate. Low quality: further research is very likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and is likely to change the estimate. Very low quality: we are very uncertain about the estimate. | ||||||
aDowngraded one level for heterogeneity (I² of 50% to 75%, > 75% considered as medium and large heterogeneity).
bDowngraded two levels for imprecision (wide confidence interval, single small trial with risk of bias).