| AF | Atrial fibrillation |
| aHR | Adjusted hazard ratio |
| AVO | Acidic vesicular organelles |
| CI | Confidence interval |
| DAPI | 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole |
| EGV | Esophagogastric varices |
| FBS | Fetal Bovine Serum |
| GI | Gastrointestinal |
| HCC | Hepatocellular carcinoma |
| HBV | Hepatitis B virus |
| HCV | Hepatitis C virus |
| HE | Hepatic encephalopathy |
| HR | Hazard ratio |
| IHC | Immunohistochemistry |
| K-M | Kaplan–Meier |
| NHI | National Health Insurance |
| NHIRD | National Health Insurance Research Database |
| PBS | Phosphate buffer saline |
| PEI | Percutaneous ethanol injection |
| RCIPD | Registry for Catastrophic Illness Patients Database |
| RFA | Radiofrequency ablation |
| SD | Standard deviation |
| TAE | Transarterial embolization |
| TFEB | Transcription Factor EB |