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. 2019 Aug 9;20(16):3881. doi: 10.3390/ijms20163881

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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A schematic summary of the regulatory role of CDK5 in prostate cancer. Re-188 labeled Herceptin (Re-H) targets the Her2 receptor and reduces the expression level of p35. CDK5 activates signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and AR proteins at the specific phosphorylation site. Activation of STAT3 or AR causes prostate cancer proliferation and castration resistance of prostate cancer. Blocking of CDK5 by Roscovitine or small interfering RNA (siRNA) decreases the cell proliferation ability and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level. CDK5 also plays a regulatory role in apoptosis of prostate cancer cells. Digoxin and Retinoic acid trigger p35 or p25 activation and cause overactivation of CDK5, resulting in apoptosis.