Table 4.

Association between ACEs and body mass index among older adults in Japan and Finland

	Japan				Finland
	Model 1		Model 2		Model 1		Model 2
	Coef.	95% CI	Coef.	95% CI	Coef.	95% CI	Coef.	95% CI
Parental divorce (ref. no): Yes	0.18	−0.15 to 0.52	0.18	−0.15 to 0.51	0.60	0.31 to 0.89	0.52	0.23 to 0.81
Fear of a family member (ref. no): Yes	0.22	0.03 to 0.40	0.20	0.02 to 0.39	0.49	0.24 to 0.75	0.40	0.15 to 0.65
Childhood poverty (ref. no): Yes	0.15	0.04 to 0.25	0.07	−0.03 to 0.18	0.49	0.30 to 0.67	0.40	0.22 to 0.59
Any ACE (ref. no): Yes	0.14	0.03 to 0.24	0.07	−0.04 to 0.18	0.40	0.23 to 0.57	0.33	0.15 to 0.50
Number of ACEs (continuous variable)	0.14	0.06 to 0.22	0.09	0.01 to 0.18	0.36	0.25 to 0.47	0.30	0.19 to 0.41

‘Any’ denotes the presence of at least one ACE.

Model 1: Adjusted for age and sex. Model 2: Further adjusted for education, marital status, and working status.

Coefficients (95% CIs) were derived from regression models.

Bold text indicates statistically significant with a p value less than 0.05.

ACE, Adverse childhood experience; BMI, body mass index; Coef., coefficient.