Table 1.

Previous cases of enterovirus encephalitis in adults with/without immunosuppression

Reference	Year	Country	Enterovirus identified (if reported)	Age	Underlying disease	Time since rituximab	MRI change?	Symptoms/signs	Treatment	Outcome
9	2003	France	Echovirus 13	53	Follicular lymphoma	6 months	Myelitis	Fever, headache, paraesthesia, diplopia	Intravenous Ig pleconaril	Recovered fully
10	2006	UK		75	DLBCL	7 months	Nil	Confusion, fever,	Intravenous Ig	Died at 14 wks
11	2006	USA		46	DLBCL	1 month	1st: nil 2nd: FLAIR hyperintensity in thalamus, basal ganglia	Dysarthria, nystagmus	Intravenous Ig planned not given	Died of lymphoma
12	2008	Japan	EV71, C4	37	Nil	N/A	Pons, midbrain hyperintensity	Diplopia, dysarthria, ataxia, hyporeflexia	Methylprednisolone	Recovered fully
13	2009	UK		53	DLBCL	1 week	Left temporal lobe enhancement	Fever, ataxia, dysarthria	Intravenous Ig	Died at 3 months (sepsis)
14	2009	Belgium		61	DLBCL	4 months	T2 hyperintensities?incidental	Confusion, ataxia, dysphasia	Intravenous Ig	Recovered fully
15	2010	Holland		64	Marginal zone lymphoma	1 month	Nil	Fever, nausea, fatigue	Intravenous Ig	Recovered fully
16	2011	Australia	EV71	63	NHL	3 months	Thalamus, frontal hyperintensities	Fever, myoclonus, hemiparesis, aphasia	Intravenous Ig	Died 12 weeks
17	2011	Canada	Coxsackie A9	65	Follicular	5 months	Not reported	Fever, hepatitis, rash	Nil	Recovered fully
18	2012	France		66	Follicular	2 months	Day 6: normal Day 13: myelitis	Fever, asthenia, aphasia Facial paralysis, spasticity	Intravenous Ig	Died day 32
19	2015	USA	Coxsackie B3	28	Evan’s syndrome ITP	13 years	White matter changes	Fever, cognitive decline	Intravenous Ig	Died at 3 months

DLBCL, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; EV71, Enterovirus 71; FLAIR, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence; ITP, immune thrombocytopaenic purpura; N/A, not applicable; NHL, non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma.