Table 4.
Fatty acid composition (%) of the studied purslane stems and leaves (mean ± SD) in relation to harvesting stage.
| Fatty Acids | 29 DAS | 43 DAS | 52 DAS | Student’s t | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stems | Leaves | Stems | Leaves | Stems | Leaves | Plant Parts ** | |
| C6:0 | 0.543 ± 0.001a | 0.024 ± 0.001c | 0.30 ± 0.03b | 0.067 ± 0.001b | 0.280 ± 0.006c | 0.220 ± 0.001a | <0.001 |
| C8:0 | 0.098 ± 0.003c | 0.032 ± 0.003c | 0.12 ± 0.01a | 0.039 ± 0.001b | 0.115 ± 0.008b | 0.095 ± 0.007a | <0.001 |
| C10:0 | 0.100 ± 0.003a | 0.052 ± 0.001b | 0.091 ± 0.004b | 0.051 ± 0.001b | 0.094 ± 0.006b | 0.125 ± 0.007a | <0.001 |
| C12:0 | 0.93 ± 0.03a | 0.81 ± 0.02c | 0.62 ± 0.04b | 0.867 ± 0.001b | 0.640 ± 0.006b | 1.37 ± 0.04a | <0.001 |
| C14:0 | 1.42 ± 0.02a | 0.736 ± 0.002c | 0.97 ± 0.02b | 0.77 ± 0.01b | 0.85 ± 0.02c | 1.24 ± 0.01a | <0.001 |
| C15:0 | 0.45 ± 0.01b | 0.49 ± 0.01b | 0.472 ± 0.008b | 0.420 ± 0.003c | 0.62 ± 0.02a | 0.75 ± 0.01a | <0.001 |
| C16:0 | 21.8 ± 0.2a | 9.8 ± 0.1c | 21.0 ± 0.1b | 10.83 ± 0.01b | 20.2 ± 0.2c | 12.39 ± 0.03a | <0.001 |
| C16:1 | 0.236 ± 0.009c | 0.52 ± 0.01b | 0.36 ± 0.01b | 0.48 ± 0.01c | 0.401 ± 0.009a | 0.730 ± 0.001a | <0.001 |
| C17:0 | 0.54 ± 0.03b | 0.15 ± 0.01c | 0.48 ± 0.02c | 0.159 ± 0.005b | 0.816 ± 0.007a | 0.265 ± 0.007a | <0.001 |
| C18:0 | 4.9 ± 0.1a | 2.52 ± 0.05c | 4.55 ± 0.05c | 2.72 ± 0.01b | 4.83 ± 0.07b | 3.89 ± 0.06a | <0.001 |
| C18:1n9c+t | 9.55 ± 0.04b | 5.29 ± 0.05b | 11.62 ± 0.01a | 4.65 ± 0.04c | 6.83 ± 0.14c | 6.4 ± 0.1a | <0.001 |
| C18:2n6c | 23.02 ± 0.02c | 11.40 ± 0.08c | 27.11 ± 0.02a | 11.63 ± 0.02b | 25.4 ± 0.2b | 14.81 ± 0.02a | <0.001 |
| C18:3n3 | 17.31 ± 0.04a | 54.92 ± 0.08a | 15.03 ± 0.07b | 54.34 ± 0.03a | 11.64 ± 0.01c | 35.4 ± 0.1b | <0.001 |
| C20:0 | 1.86 ± 0.06c | 1.79 ± 0.01b | 1.99 ± 0.03c | 1.80 ± 0.01b | 2.2 ± 0.1a | 2.95 ± 0.03a | <0.001 |
| C20:1CIS-11 | 0.40 ± 0.01a | 0.08 ± 0.01c | 0.258 ± 0.006b | 0.11 ± 0.01b | 0.146 ± 0.001c ¥ | 0.140 ± 0.001a ¥ | <0.001 |
| C20:3n3+C21:0 | 0.67 ± 0.01a | 0.155 ± 0.004c | 0.63 ± 0.04c | 0.195 ± 0.004b | 0.646 ± 0.002b | 0.32 ± 0.02a | <0.001 |
| C20:5n3 | 0.17 ± 0.01a | 0.051 ± 0.003a | 0.17 ± 0.01a | 0.042 ± 0.001b | 0.146 ± 0.003b | 0.040 ± 0.001b | <0.001 |
| C22:0 | 11.0 ± 0.2b | 9.0 ± 0.3b | 9.6 ± 0.2c | 8.62 ± 0.09c | 15.40 ± 0.23a | 15.0 ± 0.2a | <0.001 |
| C23:0 | 0.44 ± 0.02c | 0.20 ± 0.01b | 0.57 ± 0.01b | 0.15 ± 0.01c | 0.77 ± 0.02a | 0.31 ± 0.01a | <0.001 |
| C24:0 | 4.5 ± 0.1b | 2.04 ± 0.08b | 4.1 ± 0.2c | 2.05 ± 0.01b | 7.97 ± 0.02a | 3.61 ± 0.04a | <0.001 |
| Total SFA (% of total FA) | 48.65 ± 0.02b | 27.58 ± 0.06c | 44.82 ± 0.01c | 28.5 ± 0.1b | 54.8 ± 0.1a | 42.2 ± 0.3a | <0.001 |
| Total MUFA (% of total FA) | 10.18 ± 0.04b | 5.89 ± 0.05b | 12.24 ± 0.02a | 5.25 ± 0.06c | 7.38 ± 0.13c ¥ | 7.3 ± 0.1a ¥ | <0.001 |
| Total PUFA (% of total FA) | 41.17 ± 0.02b | 66.53 ± 0.01a | 42.94 ± 0.02a | 66.21 ± 0.04b | 37.81 ± 0.25c | 50.5 ± 0.2c | <0.001 |
| PUFA/SFA | 0.864 ± 0.001b | 2.412 ± 0.003a | 0.958 ± 0.001a | 2.319 ± 0.007b | 0.690 ± 0.004c | 1.196 ± 0.009c | <0.001 |
| n6/n3 | 1.269 ± 0.005c | 0.207 ± 0.001c | 1.71 ± 0.01b | 0.213 ± 0.001b | 2.04 ± 0.01a | 0.414 ± 0.002a | <0.001 |
* DAS: days after sowing; ¥: no significant difference was observed between plant parts. Caproic acid (C6:0); Caprylic acid (C8:0); Capric acid (C10:0); Lauric acid (C12:0); Myristic acid (C14:0); Pentadecylic acid (C15:0); Palmitic acid (C16:0); Palmitoleic acid (C16:1); Margaric acid (C17:0); Stearic acid (C18:0); Oleic acid (C18:1n9); Linoleic acid (C18:2n6c); α-Linolenic acid (C18:3n3); Arachidic acid (C20:0); Eicosenoic acid (C20:1CIS-11); Eicosatrienoic acid (C20:3n3); Heneicosylic acid (C21:0); Eicosapentaeonic acid (C20:5n3); Behenic acid (C22:0); Tricosylic acid (C23:0); Lignoceric acid (C24:0); SFA: saturated fatty acids; MUFA: monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA: polyunsaturated fatty acids; n6/n3: omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids. Different Latin letters (a–c) in the same row refer to significant differences between harvest stages for the same plant part (stems or leaves) at p = 0.05. ** Comparison of means of different plant parts (stems and leaves) from the same harvest was performed with Student’s t-test at p = 0.05.