| ADAM9 | a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 9 |
| BM-MSCs | bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells |
| BSA | bovine serum albumin |
| DMD | Duchenne muscular dystrophy |
| DMEM | Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium |
| EBs | embryoid bodies |
| ESCs | embryonic stem cells |
| ESCs-GFP | embryonic stem cells expressing green fluorescent protein |
| FBS | fetal bovine serum |
| FGF-2 | fibroblast growth factor 2 |
| HS | horse serum |
| IGF-1 | insulin-like growth factor 1 |
| IL-4 | interleukin 4 |
| iPSCs | induced pluripotent stem cells |
| LIF | leukemia inhibitory factor |
| MEFs | mouse embryonic fibroblasts |
| MHC | myosin heavy chain |
| MRFs | muscle regulatory factors |
| PBS | phosphate buffer saline |
| PDGFRα | platelet derived growth factor receptor α |
| PSCs | pluripotent stem cells |
| SR | serum replacement |
| SRF | serum response factor |
| VCAM1 | vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 |