Figure 13.

Viburnum opulus phenolic compounds as cytoprotective agents able to decrease free fatty acids and glucose uptake by Caco-2 cells—proposed mechanism of action. They possess cytoprotective activity against ROS generation, stimulate repair of DNA-damaged by mutagens and induce apoptotic type cell death. They are able to attenuate glucose and free fatty acid uptake through inhibition of FFA or glucose transporters. They influence the expression of CD36/FAT transporter, FFA or glucose transporters. CD36/FAT—cluster of differentiation 36/fatty acid translocase CD36/FAT; CAT—catalase; GLUT2—glucose transporter 2; PPARα—peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α; ROS—reactive oxygen species; SOD—superoxide dismutase; TG—triglycerides accumulated in adiposomes.