Table 2.

Area under the curve for distinguishing between concussion and body trauma controls (no head trauma and no concussion symptoms)

Hours postinjury	GFAP	UCH-L1	Combination of GFAP and UCH-L1
Enrolment (children) (n=141)	0.80 (0.73–0.87)	0.62 (0.53–0.72)	0.80 (0.73–0.87)
Enrolment (adults) (n=422)	0.76 (0.71–0.80)	0.69 (0.64–0.74)	0.78 (0.73–0.82)
Enrolment (both) (n=563)	0.76 (0.72–0.80)	0.67 (0.63–0.72)	0.78 (0.74–0.81)
4 hours (n=452)	0.76 (0.72–0.80)	0.65 (0.60–0.70)	0.77 (0.73–0.81)
8 hours (n=92)	0.82 (0.72–0.91)	0.72 (0.56–0.87)	0.86 (0.75–0.96)
12 hours (n=68)	0.83 (0.73–0.93)	0.74 (0.58–0.90)	0.85 (0.74–0.96)
16 hours (n=66)	0.84 (0.73–0.95)	0.77 (0.62–0.91)	0.86 (0.75–0.97)
20 hours (n=61)	0.82 (0.71–0.94)	0.63 (0.43–0.84)	0.82 (0.70–0.94)
24 hours (n=56)	0.87 (0.76–0.98)	0.74 (0.58–0.90)	0.87 (0.74–1.00)
36 hours (n=35)	0.86 (0.72–1.00)	0.76 (0.51–1.00)	0.90 (0.76–1.00)
48 hours (n=30)	0.85 (0.68–1.00)	0.71 (0.53–0.90)	0.85 (0.65–1.00)
60 hours (n=27)	0.79 (0.57–1.00)	0.70 (0.50–0.90)	0.83 (0.61–1.00)
72 hours (n=25)	0.87 (0.71–1.00)	0.78 (0.56–1.00)	0.94 (0.82–1.00)
84 hours (n=15)	0.89 (0.69–1.00)	0.75 (0.40–1.00)	0.89 (0.69–1.00)
96 hours (n=13)	0.75 (0.39–1.00)	0.54 (0.18–0.90)	0.75 (0.49–1.00)
108 hours (n=6)	n/a	n/a	n/a
120 hours (n=6)	0.80 (0.40–1.00)	0.50 (0.05–0.23)	0.90 (0.62–1.00)
132 hours (n=2)	n/a	n/a	n/a
144 hours (n=4)	n/a	n/a	n/a
156 hours (n=4)	n/a	n/a	n/a
168 hours (n=2)	n/a	n/a	n/a

In this table, performance of GFAP and UCH-L1 alone and in combination is shown.

GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; UCH-L1, ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase; n/a, data not available.