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. 2019 Aug 16;11(8):1192. doi: 10.3390/cancers11081192

Figure 1.

Figure 1

λ-carrageenan (CGN) treatment decreases cell viability and increases apoptosis in irradiated cancer cell lines. Cells were treated with 4 Gy IR, followed by CGN on the next day, and then analyzed 72 h after IR. (A) Cell viability was quantified by cell counting in MDA-MB-231, FaDu, PANC-1, and 4T1 cell lines. (B) The percentage of dead cells was measured by PI staining, followed by flow cytometry. The proportion of dead cells was quantified by gating the population of PI-positive cells. (p-values: MDA-MB-231, 0.0056; FaDu, 0.0129; PANC-1, 0.0489; 4T1, 0.0468.) (C) Apoptotic cells were measured by Annexin V-FITC staining, followed by flow cytometry. Mean fluorescence intensity of FITC was calculated and normalized to the untreated group. Columns, mean (n ≥ 3); bars, SE. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01.