Radiation followed by CGN treatment decreases tumor size and metastasis in a 4T1 mouse xenograft model. (A) Treatment schedule of each group. Mouse 4T1 cells were injected into Balb/c mice (n = 6–7 in each group). (B) 4T1 tumor sizes were measured and normalized to size at day 12 in each group. (C) Relative tumor size for each group was measured on Day 25. Scatter plot; mean ± SE. *, p < 0.05. (D) Representative H&E images of lung sections. Bar, 500 µm. Arrow, metastatic lung nodules. The number of metastatic lung nodules was counted (right panel). Scatter plot; mean ± SE. *, p < 0.05. (E) Sections from 4T1 tumors were subjected to IHC staining with antibodies against RacGAP1. Bar, 100 µm. RacGAP1 expression level was determined by scoring, as described in the methods (right panel). Scatter plot; bars, mean (n = 5). *, p < 0.05.