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. 2019 Aug 3;8(8):824. doi: 10.3390/cells8080824

Figure 9.

Figure 9

The effect of IL-1β stimulation and hyperacute serum treatment on osteoarthritic knee tissues. (A) IL-1β stimulation enhanced the level of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6Rα, IL-8, IL-15, CCL-1, CCL-2, and CXCL-10 in an osteoarthritic tissue co-culture model, while the level of MMP-3 and MMP-13 also increased. (B) Hyperacute serum treatment reduced IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6Rα, IL-12, and RANKL, while it increased the number of cells in all the three tissue types, MMP-1, -2, and -9, osteonectin, and COL1A1. The concentration of IL-1RA increased after adding hyperacute serum, but it also decreased at the end of the culture period.