| AGE | advanced glycation end product |
| Akt | RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase |
| ANA | antinuclear antibodies |
| APL | antiphospholipid antibodies |
| ATA | anti-thyroglobulin antibodies |
| BM-MSC | bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell |
| CD | cluster of differentiation |
| CD45RO | marker for memory T cell |
| CV | cardiovascular |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| EC | endothelial cell |
| fMLP | formyl-methionine-leucyl-phenylalanine |
| GC-MS | gas chromatography/mass spectrophotometry |
| GLUT | glucose transporter |
| GSH | reduced form glutathione |
| HMGB1 | high mobility group-box protein 1 |
| hOGG1 | 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 |
| IFN | interferon |
| IL | interleukin |
| Inflammaging | inflammation inducing aging process |
| IP-10 | interferon-γ induced protein 10 |
| JAK-STAT | Janus kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription |
| JUN | gene for ju-nana oncogene |
| kip-1 | cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 |
| LDL | low density lipoprotein |
| LPS | lipopolysaccharide |
| MAPK-ERK | mitogen-activated protein kinase- extracellular signal-regulated kinase |
| MCP-1 | monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 |
| MyD88 | myeloid differentiation primary response 88 |
| mTOR | mammalian target of rapamycin |
| mTORC | mTOR complex |
| mtDNA | mitochondrial DNA |
| MW | molecular weight |
| NET | neutrophil extracellular trap |
| NETosis | neutrophil apoptosis to form NET |
| NF-κB | nuclear factor of kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells |
| NGAL | neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin |
| NMR | nuclear magnetic resonance |
| 8-OHdG | 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine |
| PBMC | peripheral blood mononuclear cell |
| PMN | polymorphonuclear neutrophil |
| PTEN | phosphatase and tensin homolog |
| RAGE | receptor for AGE |
| RF | rheumatoid factor |
| RNS | reactive nitrogen species |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| SLE | systemic lupus erythematosus |
| TCR | T cell receptor |
| Th | helper T cell |
| Treg | regulatory T cell |