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. 2019 Aug 1;11(8):1099. doi: 10.3390/cancers11081099

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) at (a) baseline (n = 95) and (b) progressive disease (n = 29). Patient blood samples positive for CD45 and GAPDH expression, but negative for prostate cancer (PC)-specific markers (prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), ARFL, and androgen receptor splice variant 7 (ARV7)) were scored as CTC negative. A patient blood sample is considered CTC positive if in addition to CD45 and GAPDH, at least one PC-specific marker is unambiguously detected. The number in each bar refers to the number of patients.