Fig. 6.

Macrophage-programming mRNA nanocarriers are biocompatible and safe for repeated i.p. dosing. a In vivo biodistribution of macrophage-targeted IRF5/IKKβ NPs following i.p. administration. NP-delivered (codon optimized) mRNA was detected by qPCR 24 h after a single injection of particles containing 50 μg mRNA. The boxes represent the mean values and the line in the box represents median. The bars across the boxes show the minimum and maximum values. Whiskers represent 95% confidence intervals. N = 19 biologically independent animals. b–d These panels summarize a pathology report prepared by a Comparative Pathologist at FHCRC. b Schematic representation of the experimental timeline. c Representative H&E-stained sections of various organs isolated from controls or NP-treated animals. Scale bar, 100 µm. Lesions found in the NP-treated animals are shown and described on the right. d Serum chemistry and blood counts. Luminex assay measurements of serum IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β cytokines 4 or 9 days after a single i.p. injection of IRF5/IKKβ NPs are shown panels (e), (f), and (g), respectively. On each box plot, the central mark indicates the median, and the bottom and top edges of the box indicate the interquartile range. Whiskers represent 95% confidence intervals. N = 5 biologically independent samples