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. 2019 Aug 6;9(8):1131. doi: 10.3390/nano9081131

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Concentrations of IL-1β inflammatory cytokine released upon exposure of scratched human dermal fibroblasts to GNR of different surface modifications at different time points. PEG-GNR significantly reduced the production of IL-1β inflammatory cytokine while BSA-GNR significantly enhanced its production upon exposure to scratched human dermal fibroblasts. Data are presented as mean ± SD. One-way ANOVA was used to estimate the statistical differences; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001.