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. 2019 Aug 20;7(8):273. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms7080273

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Transcriptions of villin, claudin-1, claudin-2, and occludin in the intestine of the gnotobiotic piglets. The relative mRNA expressions (fold change) were evaluated in the germ-free piglets (GF) and the piglets colonized/infected with L. amylovorus (LA and LA+ST), L. mucosae (LM and LM+ST), E. coli Nissle 1917 (EcN and EcN+ST), and S. Typhimurium (ST, LA+ST, LM+ST, and EcN+ST). Villin (A,E), claudin-1 (B,F), claudin-2 (C,G), and occludin (D,H) mRNA in the ileum (A–D) and colon (E–H) of the gnotobiotic piglets were normalized to β-actin and cyclophilin A. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey’s multiple comparisons post-hoc test was used to compare differences among the groups. The values are presented as mean + SEM. Statistical differences P < 0.05 are denoted with different letters above the columns, and the same letter shown above the column indicates no statistically significant differences. Six samples in each group were analyzed.