Table 1.
Baseline demographic and biological characteristics.
|
Overall
(n = 69) |
Obese
(n = 35) |
Non-Obese
(n = 34) |
* p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (+/−SD) | 44 (11.4) | 44.6 (12.0) | 43.5 (11.0) | 0.61 |
| Male Gender; n (%) | 42 (60.8) | 23 (65.7) | 19 (55.8) | 0.46 |
| Weight in Kg, mean (+/−SD) | 97.5 (26.37) | 116 (19.3) | 74.4 (12.5) | <0.001 |
| Height in cm, mean (+/−SD) | 74 (9.3) | 173 (9.4) | 172.2 (9.5) | 0.56 |
| BMI in kg/m2, mean (+/−SD) | 32.2 (8.8) | 39.0 (7.1) | 25.1 (3.0) | <0.001 |
| Framingham risk score; median (IQR; range) |
1 (0.9–4; 0.9–16) |
1 (0.9–6; 0.9–16) |
1 (0.9–3; 0.9–15) |
0.13 |
| FRS > 10%; n (%) | 7 (10.1) | 6 (17) | 1 (2.9) | 0.10 |
| Chest CT: | ||||
| Total CAC score, mean (+/−SD) | 4.9 (15.8) | 4.65 (14.8) | 5 (17) | 0.75 |
| Number of CAC lesions, mean (+/−SD) | 0.28 (0.75) | 0.28 (0.71) | 0.26 (0.79) | 0.74 |
| Presence of any CAC lesion; n (%) | 10 (14.4) | 6 (17.1) | 4 (11.7) | 0.73 |
| Lipid profile: | ||||
| Total cholesterol in mg/dL, mean (+/−SD) | 198.9 (36.4) | 198.5 (41.4) | 202.1 (31.5) | 0.69 |
| LDL cholesterol in mg/dL mean (+/−SD) | 127.9 (32.2) | 126.9 (36.9) | 133.9 (26.7) | 0.42 |
| HDL cholesterol in mg/dL, mean (+/−SD) | 47.1 (13.0) | 42.1 (11.5) | 50.4 (13.9) | 0.04 |
| Triglycerides in mg/dl, mean (+/−SD) | 97.5 (73.2) | 122.8 (70.8) | 83.0 (67.0) | <0.001 |
| Pre-β-HDL in μg/mL | 42.6 (16.62) | 49.2 (17.26) | 35.6 (12.8) | <0.001 |
| Cholesterol Efflux Capacity: | ||||
| ABCG1-mediated, mean (+/−SD) | 4.04 (1.2) | 4.04 (0.89) | 3.85 (1.49) | 0.96 |
| ABCA1-mediated, mean (+/−SD) | 3.98 (1.49) | 4.18 (1.34) | 3.67 (1.61) | 0.18 |
| Total, mean (+/-SD) | 13.73 (1.55) | 13.5 (1.57) | 13.80 (1.57) | 0.64 |
| Passive diffusion, mean (+/−SD) | 9.75 (2.05) | 9.5 (1.9) | 9.70 (2.16) | 0.19 |
| Anti-apoA-1 IgG OD; median (IQR; range) |
0.31 (0.18–0.43; 0–1.3) |
0.33 (0.2-0.48; 0.1–1.3) |
0.26 (0.16–0.38; 0–0.56) |
0.05 |
| Anti-apoA-1 positivity, n (%) hsCRP, median (IQR; range) |
6 (8.7) 2.9 (0.9–6; 0.9–26.1) |
6 (17.1) 5 (2.5–8.7; 0.9–26.1) |
0 (0) 1 (0.9–3; 0.32–11) |
0.02 < 0.0001 |
Note: * p values were obtained by comparing obese versus non-obese subjects. For normally distributed parameters, p values were computed according to student t-test and for non-parametric parameters U-Mann Whitney test was used. Proportions were compared using two-tailed exact Fischer test. Abbreviations: SD = standard deviation; IQR = interquartile range; BMI = Body mass index; FRS = Framingham Risk Score; CT = Computed tomography; CAC = Coronary artery calcium; LDL = Low-density lipoprotein; HDL = High-density lipoprotein; ABCG1 = ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 1; ABCA1 = ATP-binding cassette transporter 1; OD = Optical density; hsCRP = High-sensitivity C-reactive Protein.