Table 2.
Characteristics of patients at pneumonia onset.
| PaO2/FIO2 ≤ 240 n = 171 |
PaO2/FIO2 > 240 n = 84 |
p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Previous antibiotics, n (%) | 139 (81) | 66 (79) | 0.61 |
| Most frequent groups, n (%): | |||
| Penicillins | 78 (46) | 26 (31) | |
| Cephalosporins | 50 (29) | 26 (31) | |
| Quinolones | 48 (28) | 20 (24) | |
| Carbapenems | 23 (13) | 14 (17) | |
| Glycopeptides | 28 (16) | 9 (11) | |
| Aminoglycosides | 15 (9) | 11 (13) | |
| Clindamycin | 14 (8) | 11 (13) | |
| Antifungals | 6 (4) | 2 (2) | |
| Hospital stay before pneumonia, days * | 7 (4–13) | 7 (5–15) | 0.34 |
| ICU stay before pneumonia, days * | 5 (3–9) | 6 (4–10) | 0.12 |
| SOFA score | 8 ± 3 | 7 ± 3 | 0.004 |
| Bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, n (%) | 55 (32) | 19 (23) | 0.11 |
| ARDS criteria, n (%) | 32 (19) | 1 (1) | <0.001 |
| Pleural effusion, n (%) | 56 (33) | 18 (22) | 0.10 |
| PaO2/FiO2 | 161 ± 47 | 301 ± 49 | <0.001 |
| FiO2 | 0.55 ± 0.18 | 0.41 ± 11 | <0.001 |
| PEEP, cmH2O | 7.4 ±3.4 | 7.8 ± 3.0 | 0.36 |
| PaCO2, mmHg | 41 ± 9 | 39 ± 7 | 0.066 |
| pHa | 7.40 ± 0.09 | 7.41 ± 0.07 | 0.33 |
| Shock at onset of pneumonia, n (%) | 96 (56) | 32 (38) | 0.007 |
| Temperature | 36.9 ± 1.4 | 37.0 ± 1.3 | 0.37 |
| Serum creatinine, mg/dL | 1.3 ± 1.0 | 1.2 ± 1.2 | 0.85 |
| Blood haemoglobin, g/L | 11 ± 2 | 10 ± 2 | 0.67 |
| White blood cell count, L−9 | 14 ± 7 | 13 ± 6 | 0.11 |
| Sodium, mEq/L | 139 ± 6 | 141 ± 8 | 0.042 |
| Potassium, mEq/L | 4.0 ± 0.7 | 4.1 ± 0.5 | 0.75 |
| CPIS day 1 | 7 ± 1 | 5 ± 1 | <0.001 |
| CPIS day 3 | 6 ± 2 | 5 ± 2 | <0.001 |
* Results given as median (inter-quartile range). Definition of abbreviations: ICU: Intensive Care Unit; SOFA: Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment; ARDS: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome; PaO2/FiO2: ratio of arterial oxygen tension to inspired oxygen fraction; CPIS: Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score.