. 2019 Aug 7;8(8):321. doi: 10.3390/foods8080321

Table 2.

Analytical [4] micronutrient content in gluten-free rendered foodstuffs divided by food groups, compared to gluten-containing products, expressed by 100 g of foodstuffs.

Micronutients/Products	Cereal Flakes					Breads					Pasta
	GCP		GFP		p	GCP		GFP		p	GCP		GFP		p
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	p	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	p	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	p
Calcium (mg)	141	183	22.3	16.8	NS	60.5	34.4	90.8	57.5	NS	22.9	10.0	27.3	27.3	NS
Iron (mg)	9.87	5.19	1.8	1.8	<0.001	6.75	19.99	1.1	0.9	0.009	1.83	0.88	0.7	0.5	0.002
Sodium (mg)	332	332	357.1	313.6	NS	423	280	570.8	248.1	NS	61.0	155	34.8	65.6	NS
Zinc (mg)	5.94	12.9	0.9	0.5	NS	0.84	0.48	0.5	0.4	NS	1.45	1.10	1.1	0.5	NS
Copper (mg)	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3	NS	0.14	0.11	0.1	0.1	NS	0.31	0.20	0.1	0.1	NS
Manganese (mg)			0.4	0.4		0.58	0.51	0.2	0.3	NS	2.22	1.18	0.5	0.8	0.042
Biotin (ug)	2.3	2.9	40.7	95.7	0.001	12.7	13.6	9.74	21.6	NS	15.8	14.8	1.10	1.00	0.002
Folate (ug)	275	35.4	55.4	88.9	0.062	32.55	14.79	32.8	56.8	NS	19.4	10.3	3.14	3.42	0.003
Niacin (mg)	16.2	8.25	3.02	2.41	<0.001	3.49	2.15	1.02	1.46	0.004	3.75	3.46	3.62	10.58	NS
Piridoxin (mg)	1.80	0.90	1.19	4.15	0.001	0.12	0.10	0.02	0.02	<0.001	0.12	0.07	0.01	0.01	<0.001
Riboflavin (mg)	1.45	0.72	0.12	0.17	<0.001	0.13	0.11	0.04	0.09	0.001	0.07	0.04	0.01	0.02	0.002
Tiamin (mg)	1.32	0.70	0.19	0.28	<0.001	0.20	0.12	0.01	0.01	<0.001	0.19	0.15	0.03	0.04	0.001
B₅ (mg)	7.55	3.46	1.03	1.81	0.045	0.39	0.07	0.42	0.57	NS	0.70	0.40	0.29	0.36	0.067
B₁₂ (ug)	0.85	0.52	3.68	4.18	0.03	0.02	0.05	88.2	236	0.026	0.04	0.08	0.73	1.37	NS
Vitamin E (mg)	3.00	6.22	0.14	0.47	0.01	0.30	0.33	1.04	1.2	NS	0.09	0.12	0.2	0.1	NS

Values are means ± SD. SD, standard deviation; GFP, gluten-free product; GCP, gluten-containing product; p, statistical significance; NS, not significant.