Table 4.
Multivariable-adjusted associations between dietary acid load (PRAL and NEAP) and CRP, stratified by pack-years of smoking.
| CRP | PRAL | |||||
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |||
| n | Ref | Beta (p-value) | Beta (p-value) | Beta (p-value) | P for Interaction | |
| Pack-Years | 0.14 | |||||
| 0 | 1643 | 0.11 (0.003) | 0.23 (0.004) | 0.22 (0.007) | ||
| >0 | 1256 | 0.04 (0.31) | 0.23 (0.01) | 0.44 (<0.0001) | ||
| CRP | NEAP | |||||
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |||
| n | Ref | Beta (p-value) | Beta (p-value) | Beta (p-value) | P for Interaction | |
| Pack-Years | 0.06 | |||||
| 0 | 1643 | 0.08 (0.05) | 0.26 (0.001) | 0.26 (0.002) | ||
| >0 | 1256 | 0.09 (0.04) | 0.22 (0.01) | 0.40 (< 0.0001) | ||
Multivariable models were adjusted for ethnicity, age at diagnosis, physical activity, body mass index, smoking status, total energy intakes, menopausal status, and cancer characteristics—namely, tumor stage, tumor size, hormonal status, radiation, and chemotherapy. P-values for trend showed significant increasing trends across all quartiles of dietary acid load. PRAL denotes potential renal acid load; NEAP denotes net endogenous acid production; CRP denotes C-reactive protein; HbA1c denotes hemoglobin A1c.