Table 1.
Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and All-cause Mortality Associated with Metabolically Healthy Obesity in Different Subgroup Analyses.
| Risk of Cardiovascular Disease | All-Cause Mortality | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p Value for between-Group Differences | I2 (%) | Number of Studies | OR (95% CI) | p Value for between-Group Differences | I2 (%) | Number of Studies | |
| Overall | 1.52 (1.38; 1.66) | 61 | 35 | 1.23 (1.05; 1.43) | 62 | 20 | ||
| Subgroups | ||||||||
| Definitions of metabolic health | 0.17 | 0.32 | ||||||
| Modified ATP-III | 1.43 (1.10; 1.85) | 63 | 11 | 1.29 (1.00; 1.66) | 0 | 5 | ||
| Modified IDF | 1.30 (1.06; 1.60) | 53 | 5 | NA | NA | NA | ||
| Insulin resistance | 1.72 (1.30; 2.26) | 0 | 5 | 1.56 (1.19; 2.05) | 12 | 5 | ||
| Modified JIS | 1.45 (1.23; 1.72) | 19 | 5 | 1.12 (0.78; 1.62) | 77 | 4 | ||
| Others | 1.79 (1.49; 2.16) | 77 | 9 | 1.10 (0.81; 1.49) | 76 | 6 | ||
| Definitions of obesity | 0.83 | 0.27 | ||||||
| Body mass index | 1.52 (1.38; 1.67) | 62 | 34 | 1.20 (1.02; 1.43) | 64 | 18 | ||
| Waist circumference | 1.40 (0.65; 2.98) | NA | 1 | 1.45 (1.09; 1.94) | 0 | 2 | ||
| Different outcomes | 0.14 | |||||||
| Coronary heart disease/myocardial infarction | 1.39 (1.17; 1.65) | 49 | 7 | |||||
| CVD mortality | 1.64 (1.12; 2.39) | 0 | 5 | |||||
| Fatal and nonfatal CVD | 1.57 (1.40; 1.77) | 68 | 22 | |||||
| Heart failure | 0.41 (0.11; 1.48) | NA | 1 | |||||
ATP III, National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III; CI, confidence interval; CVD, cardiovascular disease; IDF, International Diabetes Federation; JIS, joint interim statement; NA, not applicable; OR, odds ratio.