Table 3.

Commercially available bioceramic xenografts of marine origin.

Brand Name	Company	Compositional Details	Intended Use
BioCoral®	BioCoral Inc	Natural coral calcium carbonate wholly mineral bone graft substitute (99% calcium carbonate) [68]	Spinal surgery, tibial osteotomies, hip fractures, trephine hole replacement, fracture repair, osteoporosis; maxillocraniofacial; reconstructive and cosmetic surgery, bone defects due to loss of teeth or periodontal disease
Pro-Osteon® 200R	Zimmer Biomet	Coral calcium carbonate matrix covered by outer layer 2–10 µm thickness of calcium phosphate. Pore size 190–230 µm. Significant resorption in 6–18 months.	Indicated for bony voids or gaps that are not intrinsic to the stability of the skeletal system
Pro-Osteon® 500R	Zimmer Biomet	Coral calcium carbonate matrix covered by outer layer 2–10 µm thickness of calcium phosphate. Median pore diameter 435 µm. Significant resorption in 6–18 months.	Indicated to be gently packed into bony voids or gaps of the skeletal system (i.e., the extremities, spine, and pelvis) as for cervical fusion.
CoreBone® Coross®	Corebone/DSI, Dental Solutions Israel	Coral calcium carbonate crystals (>95%) as aragonite enriched with silicon, strontium, and other non-organic substances. Ca, Si, and Sr play important roles in bone mineralization	Maxillofacial and orthopedic indications. Interconnected porosity allows 3D generation of bone with high fusion rates, without loss of strength
Frios® Algipore®	Dentsply Sirona	Algae-derived hydroxyapatite by hydrothermal conversion of original calcium carbonate of the algae Corallina officialis [69]. Particle sizes 0.3–2 mm; pores of 5–10 μm [70]	Bone augmentation in the atrophic maxilla, periimplantitis lesions, alveolar ridge alteration following tooth extraction