Figure 11.

PtNPs and DOX decrease the MMP and ATP content. U2OS cells were treated with PtNPs (10 μg/mL), DOX (1 μg/mL), CIS (5 μg/mL), or a combination of PtNPs (10 μg/mL) and DOX (1 μg/mL) or combination of DOX (1 μg/mL) and CIS (5 μg/mL) for 24 h and: (A) the MMP was determined using JC-1, a cationic fluorescent indicator; the (B) intracellular ATP content was determined according to the manufacturer’s instructions (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA; Catalog Number MAK135). Differences between the treated and control groups were measured using Student’s t-test and statistically significant differences are indicated by * (p < 0.05). The results are presented as mean ± standard deviation of three experiments. * p < 0.05 was considered significant; ** p < 0.01 was considered highly significant and *** p < 0.001 was considered very highly significant.