Table 1.

Circulating acetate in humans.

Condition	Site and Average (SEM) Concentrations	Population	Study
Fasting	Superior mesenteric vein 50.4 ± 11.3 µmol/L Inferior mesenteric vein 102.7 ± 27.2 µmol/L Portal vein 41.4 ± 7.8 µmol/L Hepatic vein 23.6 ± 4.8 µmol/L Radial artery 21.8 ± 7.6 µmol/L	Healthy/Overweight upper abdominal surgery patients (54–75 years)	Neis et al. (2018) [64]
Fasting	Peripheral vein 44 ± 4.4 µmol/L	Healthy/Ileostomy (56–80 years) patients	Scheppach et al. (1991) [65]
Fasting	Small intestine 77.6 ± 3.23 mmol/kg Large intestine 53.72 ± 9.87 mmol/kg Portal vein 258 ± 40.13 µmol/L Hepatic vein 115 ± 28.20 µmol/L Peripheral vein 70 ± 18.55 µmol/L	Sudden death victims (16–89 years)	Cummings et al. (1987) [22]
Fasting	Peripheral vein 53.8 ± 4.44 µmol/L Peripheral artery 125.6 ± 13.4 µmol/L	Healthy patients (19–41 years)	Pomare et al. (1985) [51]

Abbreviations: SEM, standard error of the mean.