Table 2.

A list of pest arthropods based on the reported number of active ingredients resistance and the number of reported cases per species—adapted from Van Leeuwen et al. (2010, 2012) [22,23]. The information for the species Plutella xylostella L., Myzus persicae Sulzer, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say, Blatella germanica L., and Panonychus ulmi Koch correspond to the cases reported up to 2010.

Species	Taxonomy	Kind of Pest	Number of Active Ingredients	Cases of Resistance
Tetranychus urticae Koch	Acari: Tetranychidae	Crop	93	389
Plutella xylostella L.	Lepidoptera: Plutellidae	Crop	81	437
Myzus persicae Sulzer	Hemiptera: Aphididae	Crop	73	320
Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Crop	51	188
Musca domestica L.	Diptera: Muscidae	Urban	53	266
Blatella germanica L.	Blattodea: Blatellidae	Urban	43	213
Rhipicephalus microplus Canestrini	Acari: Ixodidae	Cattle	43	158
Helicoverpa armigera Hubner	Lepidoptera: Noctuidae	Crop	43	639
Bemisia tabaci Gennadius	Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae	Crop	45	428
Panonychus ulmi Koch	Acari: Tetranychidae	Crop	42	181
Varroa destructor Anderson y trueman	Acari: Varroidae	Bees parasite	2	10
Ixodes scapularis Say	Acari: Ixodidae	Cattle	0	0
Culex pipiens L.	Diptera: Culicidae	Disease vector	36	161
Culex quinquefasciatus Say	Diptera: Culicidae	Disease vector	32	256
Tribolium castaneum Herbst	Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae	Stored-grain pest	32	113
Aedes egypti egypti L.	Diptera: Culicidae	Disease vector	24	267
Spodoptera frugiperda Smith	Lepidoptera: Noctuidae	Crop	16	25
Pediculus humanus L.	Phthiraptera: Pediculidae	Disease vector	9	59
Anopheles gambiae Giles	Diptera: Culicidae	Disease vector	3	39
Manduca sexta L.	Lepidoptera: Sphingidae	Crop	3	4
Rhodnius prolixus Stal	Hemiptera: Reduviidae	Disease vector	3	3
Anopheles darlingi Root	Diptera: Culicidae	Disease vector	1	2
Linepithema humile Mayr	Hymenoptera: Formicidae	Urban	2	2