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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jan 8.
Published in final edited form as: JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2019 Jul 8;12(13):1197–1216. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2019.04.052

FIGURE 7. Principles of Transcatheter Electrosurgery.

FIGURE 7

(A) Charge (diffuse red cloud) will disperse around a kinked guidewire without (B) selective denudation of insultation from the inner-curve (“elbow”), which focuses charge (focal red cloud). (C) Even after focal denudation, blood ions will disperse charge. (D) Flooding the field with nonionic dextrose confines radiofrequency energy to the lacerating surface contacting the leaflet.