TABLE 1.
Cathodic Potential | Electron | Run Time | Average Coulombic |
(mV vs. Ag/AgCl) | Acceptor | (days) | Efficiencya |
−550 | Sulfate | 507 | 39.99%±3.56% |
−650 | Sulfate | 293 | 4.09%±1.03% |
−750 | Sulfate | 293 | 2.33%±1.94% |
−400 | Nitrate | 573 | 4.99%±3.23% |
−500 | Nitrate | 542 | 53.50%±5.88% |
aCoulombic Efficiency values were calculated for the reduction of sulfate to sulfide for sulfate bioreactors (8 mol of electrons per mol of SO4) and for the reduction of nitrate to nitrite for nitrate bioreactors (2 mol of electrons per mol of NO3). Average Coloumbic Efficiency was calculated using all the electron acceptor feeds conducted during the course of bioreactor operation. Standard deviations of at least five Coloumbic Efficiency values shown from different electron acceptor addition time points.