Table 1.

Overview of DNA mini-barcode applied in the identification of natural health product in recent 5 years.

NHPs	Ingredients (plants in Latin name)	DNA mini-barcode	Methods	References
Concentrated Chinese medicine granules	Angelica sinensis, Panax notoginseng	ITS2	DNA extraction, adaptor ligation-mediated PCR	Lo and Shaw, 2018b
Ginkgo biloba herbal products	Sophora japonica	Short region in ITS2	DNA extraction, PCR with specific primer pairs, sequencing	Liu et al., 2018b
Ginkgo biloba herbal products	Ginkgo biloba	Short region in rbcL	DNA extraction, Recombinase polymerase amplification with lateral flow strips(RPA-LFS)	Liu et al., 2018b
Decoction pieces	Catechu, Arecae Pericarpium, Asparagi Radix, Gastrodiae Rhizoma, Bletillae Rhizoma, Paeoniae Radix Alba, Curcumae Longae Rhizoma, Chaenomelis Fructus, Ginseng Radix Et Rhizoma Rubra, Bolbostemmatis Rhizoma, Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, Nelumbinis Rhizoma Nodus, Zingiberis Rhizoma, Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus, Sparganii Rhizoma	P6 loop of trnL(UAA)intron region	Processing method recorded in Chinese pharmacopoeia, DNA extraction, PCR, cloning and sequencing	Song et al., 2017
Chinese patent medicines	Lonicerae japonicae Flos	Short region in ITS2	DNA extraction, PCR with specific primer pairs, sequencing, SNP sites analysis	Gao et al., 2017
Chinese patent medicines	Eucommiae Folium	Short region in ITS2	DNA extraction, PCR with specific primer pairs, electrophoresis	Gao et al., 2017
Fang Feng product	Saposhnikovia divaricata	ITS2	DNA extraction, PCR, sequencing, structure analyze	Zhang et al., 2016
Chinese patent medicines	Angelicae Sinensis Radix	Short region in ITS2	DNA extraction, PCR with specific primer pairs and sequencing	Wang et al., 2016
Chinese patent medicines	Panax quinquefolius	Short region in ITS2	DNA extraction, PCR with specific primer pairs and SNP sites analysis	Liu et al., 2016
Herbal infusions	Hypericum perforatum, Hypericum androsaemum	Short region in ITS1 and matK	DNA extraction, Qualitative PCR Real-time PCR amplification with specific primer pairs, HRM analysis	Costa et al., 2016
Capsules, tablets	Phyllanthus amarus	trnL	DNA extraction, PCR amplification, sequencing and primer design, Determination of primer specificity, HRM analysis	Buddhachat et al., 2015
TCMs of ginsengs	Panax notoginseng, Panax ginseng	ycf1a, ycf1b	Chloroplast genome sequencing, Genome annotation, Identification of the hypervariable regions, Plant material, PCR amplification and hypervariable region sequencing	Dong et al., 2014
Herbal dietary supplements	Ginkgo biloba	matK	DNA extraction, PCR and sequencing	Little, 2014
Saw palmetto herbal dietary supplements	Serenoa repens	Short region in rbcL, matK	DNA extraction, PCR and sequencing	Little and Jeanson, 2013