TABLE 1:
Human ARF family GTPases.
| GTPase | Localization | Function(s) | Interactors | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Arf1 | Cytosol, Golgi | Recruitment of coat complexes, activation of PLD, PI kinases | COP-I, GGAs, MINTs, Cholera toxin, Arfaptin, MKLP1, ARF GEFs, ARF GAPs |
| 2 | Arf3 | Cytosol, Golgi | Recruitment of coat complexes, activation of PLD, PI kinases | COP-I, GGAs, MINTs, Cholera toxin, Arfaptin, MKLP1, ARF GEFs, ARF GAPs |
| 3 | Arf4 | Cytosol, Golgi, endosomes | COP-I, GGAs, MINTs, Cholera toxin, Arfaptin, MKLP1, ARF GEFs, ARF GAPs | |
| 4 | Arf5 | Cytosol, Golgi, endosomes | Recruitment of coat complexes, activation of PLD, PI kinases | COP-I, GGAs, MINTs, Cholera toxin, Arfaptin, MKLP1, ARF GEFs, ARF GAPs |
| 5 | Arf6 | PM, endosomes, RE, cortical actin | Cortical actin rearrangement, endocytosis, PLD activation | β-arrestin, POR1, PLD, Cytohesins, MKLP1, FilGAP |
| 6 | Arl1 | Golgi, TGN | Endosome–Golgi secretory traffic, LD formation | Arfaptin, MKLP1, PDEd, HRG4, Golgins, GRIP-domain proteins |
| 7 | Arl2 | Cytosol, mitochondria, centrosomes, basal bodies, cilia, RRs | Tubulin heterodimer assembly, mitochondrial fusion, Prenyl-protein traffic | TBCD/β-tubulin, TBCD, ELMOD1-3, BART/ARL2BP, PDEd, HRG4/UNC119 |
| 8 | Arl3 | Cytosol, centrosomes, cilia, mitotic spindle, midbody, Golgi | Cytokinesis, Prenyl- and Myr-protein traffic | PDE6δ, HRG4/UNC119, Golgins, ARL13B, BART/ARL2BP |
| 9 | Arl4a | Cytosol, nucleus, TGN, endosomes, PM | Endosome–Golgi traffic, actin remodeling, cell migration | ELMO, GCC185, Robo1, Cytohesin2 |
| 10 | Arl4c | Cytosol, nucleus, PM | Cholesterol traffic, filopodia, cell migration, tumorigenesis | α-Tubulin, filamin-A, Cytohesin2 |
| 11 | Arl4d | Cytosol, mitochondria, nucleus, PM, actin | Actin remodeling, neurite outgrowth | HP1, importin-α, Cytohesin2, |
| 12 | Arl5a | Nucleus | Endosome–Golgi traffic | HP1α, GARP, Ragulator |
| 13 | Arl5b | Nucleus | Endosome–Golgi traffic | HP1α, GARP, Ragulator |
| 14 | Arl5c | |||
| 15 | Arl6 | Cilia | BBSome, Sec61β | |
| 16 | Arl8a | Lysosomes, phagolysosomes | Lysosomal traffic and fusion | SKIP-kinesin1b, HOPS complex |
| 17 | Arl8b | Lysosomes, phagolysosomes | Lysosomal traffic and fusion | SKIP-kinesin1b, HOPS complex |
| 18 | Arl9 | |||
| 19 | Arl10 | Nuclei, mitochondria | ||
| 20 | Arl11 | p-ERK | ||
| 21 | Arl13a | |||
| 22 | Arl13b | Cilia, EE, CDRs, centrosomes | Regulation of ciliary formation/maintenance, axoneme, Hh signaling, EEs | ARL3, INPP5E, PDE6δ, tubulin, FIP5, UBC9, MYH9 |
| 23 | Arl14 | |||
| 24 | Arl15 | Cytosol, Golgi | Genetic links to adiponectin levels and type 2 diabetes | ASAP2 |
| 25 | Arl16 | Cytosol, mitochondria, nucleus, cilia | RIG-I | |
| 26 | Arfrp1 | trans-Golgi | Recruitment of Arl1 and Golgin-97/245 to trans-Golgi | Sec7-1, Cytohesin |
| 27 | Sar1a | ER | ||
| 28 | Sar1b | ER | ||
| 29 | Trim23 | Lysosomes, Golgi, autophagosomes | Ubiquitin ligase, viral infection, membrane trafficking | UBE2D2, TBK1, Cytohesin1 |
National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) gene names are listed, along with cellular localization, identified functions, and protein interactors. Abbreviations used include CDR, circular dorsal ruffles; EE, early endosomes; PLD, phospholipase D; PM, plasma membrane; RE, recycling endosomes; RRs, rods and rings. Additional information is included in Supplemental Table I.