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. 2019 Aug 28;10:2056. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02056

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The effect of OSM on cytokine/chemokine secretion, angiogenesis, and cell function in RAFLS and HUVEC. RAFLS and HUVEC were cultured in the presence of OSM (10 ng/ml) for 24 h. (A) Bar graphs demonstrating quantification of IL-6, MCP-1, IL-8, GROα, RANTES secretion in RAFLS (n = 7–10). Gene expression analysis of VEGF, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 quantified in RAFLS using Real-time PCR. Fold increase compared to endogenous controls (RPLPO and HPRT1) (n = 6–10). (B) Bar graphs demonstrating secretion of IL-6, MCP-1, IL-8, GROα, RANTES in HUVEC (n = 6–10). Gene expression analysis of VEGF, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 quantified in HUVEC using Real-time PCR. Fold increase compared to endogenous controls (RPLPO and HPRT1) (n = 4). (C) Representative photomicrographs and accompanying bar graphs demonstrating (i) leukocyte adhesion and number of attached cells (n = 5), (ii) invasion and number of invading cells (n = 8) in RAFLS incubated with OSM for 24 and 48 h, respectively. (D) Representative photomicrographs and accompanying bar graphs demonstrating (i) tubule formation and average number of branches (n = 3), (ii) leukocyte adhesion and average number of attached cells (n = 6), (iii) invasion and average number of invading cells (n = 4) in HUVEC incubated with OSM for 24 h. Values expressed as mean ± SEM, Wilcoxon signed rank and paired t-test were used for RAFLS and HUVEC, respectively. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.005 significantly different from basal.