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. 2019 Sep 4;9:12780. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-49146-5

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Intracellular ROS level under the culturing conditions employed in this study. After being cultured in SD medium (a,b,d,e) or shifted from SD to SCGlycerol medium (c,f) for the indicated durations, IRE1+ cells or ρ⁰ IRE1+ cells were stained with DCFH-DA, DHE or MitoSOX for 30 min, and were analyzed by flowcytometry. In panel a, d and e, antimycin A (20 µM final concentration) was added into medium concomitantly with culture start. In all panels, all fluorescent values are normalized against that of the fermentatively growing IRE1+ cells (4-hr after culture start, Non-treated), which is set at 1.00.