Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of patients with smoldering or aggressive types of adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) in the cohort analyzed in the present study
| Smoldering type (N = 38) | Aggressive type (acute type; N = 25, lymphoma type; N = 45, chronic type; N = 3) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Percentage | N | Percentage | |
| Sex, male (female) | 23 (15) | 60 (40) | 44 (29) | 60 (40) |
| Age, median (range) | 65.8 (30‐87) | — | 67.0 (35‐87) | — |
| Follow‐up periods (mean, mo) (range) | 46 (0.3‐295) | — | 16.5 (0.06‐126) | — |
| Ann Arbor staging (3‐4) | 6/38 | 16 | 57/67 | 85 |
| ECOG performance status (2‐4) | 1/35 | 3 | 34/64 | 53 |
| B symptoms | 0/36 | 0 | 15/73 | 20 |
| Leukemic manifestation | 6/38 | 16 | 28/73 | 38 |
| Skin involvement | 37/38 | 97 | 21/73 | 29 |
| ATL‐PI or iATL‐PI (inter or more) | 25/35 | 71 | 62/73 | 85 |
| Hypoalbuminemia (<4 g/dL) | 5/35 | 14 | 43/65 | 66 |
| Hypercalcemia (>11 mg/dL) | 0/15 | 0 | 10/71 | 14 |
| Elevated LDH (>240 U/mL) | 12/34 | 35 | 55/67 | 82 |
| Elevated soluble IL‐2 receptor (>2.0 × 104 U/mL) | 2/35 | 6 | 29/65 | 45 |
| Treatment | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VCAP‐AMP‐VECP | 5/38 | 13 | 14/73 | 19 |
| CHOP/CHOP‐like | 14/38 | 37 | 34/73 | 47 |
| Others | 19/38 | 50 | 22/73 | 30 |
| HSCT | 2/38 | 5 | 4/73 | 5 |
| Mogamulizumab | 8/38 | 21 | 15/73 | 21 |
| Topical therapies | 12/38 | 32 | 0/73 | 0 |
| Observation, best supportive care | 3/38 | 8 | 3/73 | 4 |
Among 116 of the total cases, clinical subtypes of 5 cases were not determined. B symptoms refer to systemic symptoms including fever which come and go over several weeks, drenching night sweat, and unexplained weight loss at least 10% of body weight within the preceding 6 mo. Mild chemotherapies include oral anticancer agents. Topical therapies include ointment therapy or UV irradiation.
Abbreviations: AMP, doxorubicin, ranimustine, and prednisone; ATL‐PI, ATLL prognostic index for aggressive type patients; CHOP, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone; HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; iATL‐PI, ATLL prognostic index for patients with indolent type; IL‐2, interleukin‐2; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; VCAP, vindesine, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and prednisone; VECP, vindesine, etoposide, carboplatin, and prednisone.