Figure 4.

Methylation value (MV) of CDO1 promoter DNA in pancreatic cytology sample solutions. A, In the pancreatic cytology sample solutions, quantitative methylation‐specific PCR (Q‐MSP) assessment was carried out. There was a significant difference in CDO1 MV between pancreatic cytology sample solutions from patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and those from pancreatic benign diseases (P = .018). B, Receiver operating characteristic curve of MV for the detection of PDAC. The area under the curve (AUC) represents the accuracy in discriminating PDAC from benign pancreatic diseases with high sensitivity and high specificity (AUC = 0.96, P < .0001). C, CDO1 MVs in all pancreatic cytology solutions from patients with PDAC. Mean of CDO1 MVs was 43.9 (range, 0.0‐172.8). Of those, 12 samples were collected from endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) cytology (white bars) and 25 samples were collected from endoscopic ultrasound‐fine needle aspiration (EUS‐FNA) cytology (black bars). Two cases were detected to be negative by Q‐MSP. One of them belonged to ERP cytology and the other belonged to EUS‐FNA cytology. D, Correlation of CDO1 methylation level to UICC stage (I‐IV) in pancreatic cytology sample solutions