Table 2.
Median scores for item importance and feasibility, group consensus ratings (importance), and group agreement with respect to inclusion in a mobility staging tool for advanced dementia (MSAD)
| Category and Items | Importance (median [IQR limits]) |
Feasibility (median [IQR limits]) |
Consensus importance (round 2) (%) | Consensus feasibility (round 2) (%) | Agreement (round 3) (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Round 1 | Round 2 | Round 1 | Round 2 | ||||
| Section I: Function | |||||||
| Bed Mobility | 8 [5–9] | 8 [5.75–8.25] | 7 [5–8] | 7 [5–8] | 67 | 52 | – |
| Sitting | 8 [7–9] | 8 [6.75–9] | 9 [7–9] | 8 [7–9] | 75 | 77 | 17 |
| Standing | 9 [8–9] | 8 [8–9] | 8 [7–9] | 8.5 [7–9] | 97 | 86 | 52 |
| Postural Transitions | 9 [9] | 9 [8.75–9] | 7 [6–8] | 7 [6.5–8] | 97 | 74 | 69 |
| Assisted Transfers | 8 [7–9] | 8 [8–9] | 7 [6–8] | 7 [6–8] | 89 | 68 | 76 |
| Walking | 9 [9] | 9 [8–9] | 8 [7–9] | 8 [7.5–9] | 92 | 86 | 96 |
| Wheeling | 7 [5–8] | 6.5 [5.75–7.25] | 7 [6–8] | 7 [6–8] | 50 | 73 | – |
| Section II: Factors | |||||||
| Sensorimotor function | |||||||
| Coordination | 7 [6.5–8] | 7 [7–8] | 6 [5–8] | 6 [5–7] | 78 | 43 | 28 |
| Gait (e.g., speed, symmetry) | 9 [8–9] | 8 [8–9] | 8 [7–9] | 8 [7–9] | 94 | 89 | 86 |
| Hearing | 6 [5–7.5] | 5.5 [5–7] | 6 [4–7] | 6 [4–7] | 30 | 36 | – |
| Muscular endurance | 6 [5–7.5] | 6 [5.75–7] | 5 [3–7] | 5 [3.5–7] | 47 | 31 | – |
| Muscle strength | 8 [7–9] | 8 [7–9] | 7 [6–8.25] | 7 [6–8] | 83 | 64 | 55 |
| Muscle tone | 7 [5.5–7] | 7 [6–7] | 8 [5.5–8.5] | 7 [5.5–8] | 56 | 63 | – |
| Peripheral sensation | 7 [5–8] | 6.5 [6–7.25] | 6 [3.5–8] | 6 [4–7] | 50 | 40 | – |
| Postural control/balance | 9 [8–9] | 9 [8–9] | 8 [7–8.5] | 7 [7–8] | 92 | 83 | 76 |
| Proprioception | 7 [6–8] | 7 [6–8] | 6 [3–8] | 5.5 [3–7] | 56 | 39 | – |
| Reaction time | 7 [6–7.5] | 7 [5–7] | 5 [4–8] | 5 [4–7] | 53 | 37 | – |
| Range of motion | 7 [6–7] | 7 [6–7] | 8 [7–9] | 8 [7–8] | 56 | 83 | – |
| Sensory integration | 7 [5–8] | 6 [5–8] | 4.5 [3–6.25] | 4 [3–5] | 44 | 15 | – |
| Vision | 8 [7–9] | 8 [6–8.25] | 7 [5–8] | 6 [5–7] | 72 | 48 | 14 |
| Health status | |||||||
| Fear of falling | 7.5 [6–9] | 7 [6–9] | 6 [4–8] | 6 [4–7.75] | 70 | 44 | 7 |
| Gait aid use | 9 [7.75–9] | 8 [7.75–9] | 8 [7–9] | 8 [7.75–9] | 86 | 83 | 52 |
| History of falls | 9 [8–9] | 9 [8–9] | 8 [6.75–9] | 8 [7–9] | 92 | 80 | 83 |
| Medication(s) | 8 [8–9] | 8 [8–9] | 9 [8–9] | 9 [8–9] | 89 | 97 | 48 |
| Multimorbidity | 8 [6–9] | 7.5 [6.75–9] | 8 [8–9] | 8 [8–9] | 75 | 94 | 24 |
| Physical activity level | 8 [7–9] | 8 [7–8] | 7 [6.5–8] | 7 [6.5–8] | 92 | 74 | 24 |
| Frailty | – | 7.5 [6.25–8] | – | 7 [6.75–8] | 73 | 75 | 45 |
| Type of dementia | – | 7 [5–8] | – | 7 [6–7] | 53 | 57 | – |
| Specific comorbid conditions | |||||||
| Arthritis | 8 [6–9] | 7 [6–8.25] | 8 [7–9] | 8 [7–9] | 70 | 89 | 7 |
| Cardiovascular conditions | 7 [5.75–8] | 7 [6–7.25] | 8 [6.5–9] | 8 [6.5–9] | 56 | 76 | – |
| Contractures | 8 [7–9] | 8 [7–9] | 8 [7–9] | 8 [7–9] | 86 | 96 | 14 |
| Diabetes | 6 [5–7] | 6 [4.75–7] | 8 [7–9] | 8 [7–9] | 33 | 90 | – |
| Edema | 6 [4.75–7] | 6 [4.75–7] | 8 [8–9] | 8 [8–9] | 30 | 96 | – |
| Joint pain | 8 [7–9] | 8 [7–9] | 7 [6–8] | 7 [6–8] | 92 | 66 | 24 |
| Osteoporosis | 6 [5–7] | 6 [5–7] | 8 [6–8.75] | 8 [6.5–9] | 36 | 76 | – |
| Paresis | 8 [8–9] | 8 [7.75–9] | 8 [7–9] | 8 [7–9] | 89 | 93 | 45 |
| Parkinsonism | 9 [8–9] | 9 [8–9] | 8 [7–9] | 8 [7–9] | 92 | 96 | 90 |
| Postural hypotension | 8 [7–9] | 8 [7–9] | 7 [6.5–9] | 7 [7–9] | 83 | 79 | 48 |
| Respiratory problems | 6 [5–7] | 6 [5–7] | 8 [7–8] | 8 [7–8] | 44 | 79 | – |
| Stroke | 8 [7–9] | 7 [7–9] | 8 [7–9] | 8 [7–8.5] | 80 | 86 | 21 |
| Urinary incontinence | 6 [4.5–7.5] | 6 [5–7] | 8 [7–8] | 8 [7–8.75] | 37 | 93 | – |
| Vestibular dysfunction | 7.5 [6–9] | 7 [6–8] | 6 [4–7.25] | 5 [3.5–6.5] | 61 | 23 | – |
| Foot care | – | 7 [6–7] | – | 7 [7–8] | 60 | 89 | – |
| Generalized pain | – | 7 [7–8] | – | 7 [6–7.5] | 80 | 52 | 38 |
| Behavioral and psychological symptoms | |||||||
| Aggression | 7 [5–9] | 7 [5.75–8.25] | 8 [8–9] | 8 [8–9] | 64 | 94 | – |
| Agitation | 8 [6.75–9] | 8 [6–9] | 8 [8–9] | 8 [8–9] | 72 | 94 | 79 |
| Anxiety | 7.5 [6–9] | 7 [6–8] | 8 [7–8] | 8 [7–8] | 69 | 82 | – |
| Apathy | 7 [5–7.25] | 6.5 [5–7] | 7 [6–8] | 7 [7–8] | 50 | 76 | – |
| Delusions | 6 [5–7] | 6 [5–7] | 7 [6–8] | 7 [6–7.25] | 36 | 65 | – |
| Depression | 7 [5–8] | 6 [5–7.25] | 7 [6–8] | 7 [6–8] | 47 | 66 | – |
| Disinhibition | 6 [5–7] | 6 [5–7] | 8 [7–8.25] | 8 [7–8] | 30 | 84 | – |
| Hallucination | 6.5 [5–7] | 6 [5–7] | 7 [6–8] | 7 [6–8] | 44 | 64 | – |
| Impulsivity | 8.5 [7.75–9] | 8.5 [7–9] | 8 [7–8] | 8 [7–8] | 80 | 82 | 86 |
| Restlessness | 7.5 [6–8.25] | 7 [6–8] | 8 [8–9] | 8 [8–9] | 67 | 91 | – |
| Sleep disturbance(s) | 7 [5–8] | 6 [5–7.25] | 8 [7–8] | 8 [7–8] | 47 | 85 | – |
| Wandering | 7 [5.75–8] | 7 [6–8] | 8 [7.5–9] | 8 [8–9] | 61 | 86 | – |
| Wayfinding | 7 [5–8] | 7 [5–8] | 8 [6–9] | 7 [6–8] | 53 | 69 | – |
| Cognitive function | |||||||
| Agnosia | 7.5 [6–8.25] | 7 [6–8] | 6.5 [5–7] | 6 [5–7] | 56 | 31 | – |
| Apraxia | 8 [7.75–9] | 8 [7.75–9] | 7 [6–8] | 7 [6–7] | 83 | 54 | 55 |
| Attention | 8 [7–9] | 8 [7–8] | 8 [6.5–8] | 7 [6–8] | 80 | 68 | 59 |
| Judgment | 8 [7–8] | 7 [6–8] | 7 [6–8] | 7 [6–7.25] | 72 | 56 | 45 |
| Memory | 6 [5–6.25] | 6 [5–6] | 8 [7–8] | 7.5 [7–8] | 19 | 80 | – |
| Motor planning | 8 [7–9] | 8 [7–9] | 7 [5.5–7.5] | 6 [5–7] | 80 | 44 | 38 |
| Processing speed | 7 [6–7.25] | 7 [6–7] | 6 [5–7.75] | 6 [5–7] | 56 | 38 | – |
| Visuospatial ability | 8 [7–9] | 8 [7–8] | 6 [5–8] | 6 [5–7] | 80 | 45 | 62 |
Items in bold represent those that reached consensus (≥ 70%) for importance and agreement as high priority for inclusion in an MSAD.