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. 2019 Jul 25;47(8):3886–3897. doi: 10.1177/0300060519857839

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© The Author(s) 2019

Creative Commons Non Commercial CC BY-NC: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Figure 1. — Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury through activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. (a) Representative photographs of triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) and Evans blue-stained slices of rat heart. Blue color indicates nonischemic area, the area at risk (AAR) contains no blue dye, white color indicates infarct area (Inf), and red color indicates uninfarcted area. (b) Myocardial infarct size expressed as percentage of infarct area (Inf) over the AAR. (c) Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level. (d) Serum creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) level. (e) Serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) level. Data are presented as means ± standard deviations (n = 4). *P < 0.05 vs. Sham group; **P < 0.05 vs. I/R group; &P < 0.05 vs. L-IGF-1 + I/R group; #P < 0.05 vs. H-IGF-1 + I/R group; NS, not significant.