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. 2019 Jul 22;116(29-30):489–496. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2019.0489

Table. Clinical characteristics of selected segmental progeroid syndromes.

Wiedemann–Rautenstrauch syndrome PYCR1-related cutis laxa Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome MDPL syndrome Werner syndrome Myotonic dystrophy type 1
Congenital abnormalities
Intrauterine growth retardation + +
Natal teeth +
Perinatal respiratory problems +
Physical abnormalities
Graying of scalp hair +
Hair loss + + + + +
Prominent scalp veins + + +
Hearing loss + + +
Cataract + +
Mandibular hypoplasia + + + + +
Triangular shape of face + +
Microcephaly +
Short stature + + + +
Joint contractures + + −*
Hypermobility of joints +
Dermatological abnormalities
Thin/atrophic skin + + + + +
Wrinkled skin +
Telangiectasia +
Skin pigment disorders ± +
Ulcers +
Hyperkeratosis +
Metabolic abnormalities
Type 2 diabetes mellitus + + +
Lipodystrophy + + + + +
Hypogonadism + + +
Neurological abnormalities
Intellectual disability ± + −*
Muscle weakness + + + + +
Myotonia +
Other abnormalities
Atherosclerosis + +
Arrhythmia +
Osteopenia + +
Osteoporosis + +
Increased cancer risk + +
Causative altered gene POLR3A PYCR1 LMNA POLD1 WRN DMPK

MDPL, mandibular hypoplasia, deafness, progeroid features, and lipodystrophy;

+, typically abnormal finding; -, typically normal finding; ±, in some patients; *, only with the congenital form