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. 2019 Aug 31;5(8):e02328. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02328

Table 2.

Descriptive statistics.

Variable Mean/Proportion Standard Deviation
ARP 25.82 55.19
Gender (male versus female)* 0.5 0.501
English* 0.707 0.456
Years as a researcher 12.327 10.577
Preference for quantitative methods* 0.403 0.491
Dependent children 1.133 1.294
Risk taking propensity 3.424 0.761
Competitive aggressiveness 3.278 0.939
Innovativeness 3.287 0.754
Proactiveness 3.571 0.724
Autonomy 3.343 0.623
Total entrepreneurial orientation 16.903 2.716

Note: * Proportion; ARP: Academic research productivity, the dependent variable.