Table 1.
Adult and congenital Zika hearing loss (HL) findings by year
| First author | Publication year | Study type | Sample size (n) | Age group | HL Screening Method | HL result (n, %) | Unilateral HL (n) | Bilateral HL (n) | Control group (n, % HL) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tappe23 | 2014 | Case report | 1 | Adult | Self-report | 1 (100) | NR | NR | ND |
| M.E.R.G29 | 2015 | Cross-sectional | 23* | Neonatal | OAE | 2 (9) | NR | NR | ND |
| Leal18 | 2016 | Retrospective cohort | 70 | Pediatric | ABR to click and tone burst stimuli | 5 (6) | NR | NR | ND |
| Leal25 | 2016 | Case series | 2 | Neonatal | Transient OAE followed by ABR to click stimuli | 1 (50) | NR | NR | ND |
| Vinhaes24 | 2017 | Case series | 3 | Adult | Audiometry | 3 (100) | 1 | 2 | ND |
| Martins22 | 2017 | Case series | 2 | Adult | Audiometry | 1 (50) | 1 | 0 | ND |
| Satterfeldt27 | 2017 | Cross-sectional | 19 | Pediatric | Physician-reported HINE assessment | 13 (68) | NR | NR | ND |
| Santos28 | 2017 | Case series | 2 | Neonatal | Evoked OAE followed by ABR | 1 (50) | NR | NR | ND |
| Wheeler26 | 2018 | Cross-sectional | 47 | Pediatric | No response to voice or sound | 13 (28) | NR | NR | ND |
| Does not look for sound | 8 (17) | ||||||||
| No response to word “No” | 20 (43) | ||||||||
| de Laval30 | 2018 | Prospective cohort | 49 | Adult | NR | NR | NR | NR | ND |
| Ventura31 | 2018 | Case report | 1 | Neonatal | ABR to click stimuli | 1 (100) | 1 | 0 | ND |
| Franca32 | 2018 | Cross-sectional | 8 | Pediatric | NR | NR | NR | NR | ND |
| Vianna33 | 2019 | Prospective cohort | 26 | Pediatric | ABR | 2 (8) | NR | NR | 65 (3) |
| Calle-Giraldo34 | 2019 | Prospective cohort | 68 | Neonatal | ABR | 6 (9) | 3 | 3 | ND |
ABR = auditory brainstem response; ND = not done; NR = not reported; OAE = otoacoustic emission; HINE = Hammersmith infant neurological examination Adult, 18 years or greater; pediatric, 0–24 months; neonatal, anomalies detected at birth.
* Total sample size of 104, only 23 screened for HL.