Table 3.
Lassa Fever HL Findings by year
| First author | Publication year | Study type | Sample size | Mean age (years) | HL screening method | HL results (n, %) | Average severity of HL* | Unilateral HL | Bilateral HL | Days to HL onset (median DPI) | Control group (n, % HL) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White63 | 1972 | Case series | 23 | 26.6 | Self-report | 4 (17.4) | NR | NR | NR | NR | ND |
| Mertens64 | 1973 | Cross-sectional | 10 | 20–56‡ | Self-report | 3 (30%) | NR | NR | NR | NR | ND |
| Grundy57 | 1980 | Case report | 1 | 25 | Self-report | 1 (100) | NR | 1 | 0 | 14 | ND |
| McCormick60 | 1987 | Case–control | 430 | NR | NR | 12 (2.8) | NR | 3 | 9 | 10–15 | ND |
| Frame68 | 1987 | Cross-sectional | 33 | < 1† | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | ND |
| Hirabayashi69 | 1988 | Case report | 1 | 48 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | ND |
| Frame67 | 1989 | Retrospective | 246 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | ND |
| Cummins20 | 1990 | Prospective cohort | 49 | 30.2 | Audiometry | 14 (28.6) | Severe | 7 | 14 | 5-12 | ND |
| Cummins20 | 1990 | Case–control | 51 | 30.3 | Audiometry | 9 (17.6) | Moderate | 3 | 6 | NR | 45 (4) |
| Günther66 | 2001 | Case report | 1 | 56 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR | ND |
| Macher61 | 2006 | Case series | 2 | 34.5 | Audiometry | 1 (50) | NR | 1 | 0 | NR | ND |
| Okokhere56 | 2009 | Case series | 2 | 31 | Audiometry | 2 (100) | Severe | 0 | 2 | 9 | ND |
| Ibekwe62 | 2011 | Prospective cohort | 37 | 35.3 | Audiometry | 5 (13.5) | Severe | 0 | 5 | NR | 37 (0) |
| Grahn59 | 2016 | Case report | 1 | 72 | Self-report | 1 (100) | NR | 0 | 1 | 22 | ND |
| Choi58 | 2018 | Case report | 1 | 46 | Self-report | 1 (100) | NR | 0 | 1 | 5 | ND |
| Okokhere65 | 2018 | Retrospective cohort | 291 | 35 | NR | 0 (0) | NR | NR | NR | NR | ND |
DPI = days postinfection; HL = hearing loss; ND = not done; NR = not reported.
* Severity determined based on WHO standards.
† Ordinal data presented were used to calculate median age.
‡ Only range of ages reported.