Table 3.
Comparison of biomechanical characteristics between humans and large animal models.
| Human | Canine | Caprine | Ovine | Porcine | Lapine | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AM bundle taut | Flexion (16, 62) |
Flexion + Extension (6, 7) |
Flexion + Extension (63) |
Flexion (64) |
Flexion (65) |
Not reported |
| PL bundle taut | Extension (16, 62) |
Extension (6, 7) |
Extension (63) |
Not reported | Extension (65) |
Not reported |
| Anterior-posterior laxity (mm) ACL intact |
7 (66) |
0–7 (6, 7, 67, 68) |
2.5 (63) |
1 (69) |
4 (65) |
3–4 (70) |
| Anterior-posterior laxity (mm) ACL transected |
13 (66) |
5–22 (67, 68) |
16 (63) |
5–9 (69) |
15 (65) |
6–8 (70) |