Table 4.

Prevalence of childhood celiac disease and celiac autoimmunity in different countries.

Author (reference number)	Study period	Prevalence biopsy proven (%)	95% Confidence interval	Prevalence serology based (%)
Australia
Chin et al. (134)				0.6
Argentina
Mora et al. (135)	2008–2009	1.30
Brasil
Pratesi et al. (136)	2003	0.54	0.27–0.57
Egypt
Abu-Zekry et al. (137)	2001–2004	0.53	0.17–0.89
Denmark
Dydensborg et al. (128)	1996–1999	0.04
	2000–2010	0.08
Estonia
Ress et al. (138)	2004–2005	0.34	0.09–0.88
Lillemae et al. (139)	1998–1999	0.34	0.09–0.88	0.43
Finland
Mäki et al. (113)	1994	1	0.68–1.33	1.50
Germany
Laass et al. (140)	2003–2006			0.8
Greece
Karagiozoglou-Lampoudi et al. (141)	2009			0.65
Hungary
Korponay-Szabo et al. (142)		1.20
Korponay-Szabo et al. (143)	2005	1.38	0.94–1.82
India
Makharia et al. (144)	2008–2009	1.04	0.85–1.25	1.44
Iran
Farahmand et al. (145)	2006–2008	0.5
Dehghani et al. (146)		0.60		2.00
Italy
Catassi et al. (120)	1994	0.70		1.5
Tomassini et al. (147)	1999–2000	0.94
Mustalahti et al. (148)	1997–2000			1.1
Bonamico et al. (149)	2007	1.16
Gatti et al. (121)	2016	1.58
Netherlands
Csizmadia et al. (150)	1987–1997	0.5
Norway
Størdal et al. (151)	2008–2011	0.38	0.37–0.39
Russia
Kondrashova et al. (123)	1997–2001	0.2
Saudi Arabia
Al–Hussaini et al. (152)	2014–2016			1.5
Spain
Almazán et al. (153)	2009–2012			3
Cilleruelo et al. (154)	2004–2005	1.16	0.54–1.78
Marine et al. (155)	2004–2007	0.49
	2006–2007	0.49
Castaño et al. (156)	1998–1999	0.84
	after 2.5 years	1.4
Sweden
Carlsson et al. (157)	1995	2
Carlsson et al. (158)	2000	1		0.7
Myleus et al. (159)	2005–2006	2.9	2.5–3.3
Ivarsson et al. (160)	2005–2006	2.90
	2009–2010	2.20
Tunisia
Hariz et al. (161)	2003–2005	0.45		0.64
Hariz et al. (162)	2011	0.24
Turkey
Demirceken et al. (163)		0.9
Dalgic et al. (164)	2006–2008	0.47	0.38–0.57	1.74
United Kindom
Mustalahti et al. (148)	2000			0.9
USA
Fasano et al. (165)	1996–2001	0.31	0.09–0.80