Table 2.

Associations between gender- and age categories and total- and domain specific health-related quality of life (HRQL)

	Overall HRQL			AADR			EI			RAE
	Mean	βa	95% CI	Mean	βa	95% CI	Mean	βa	95% CI	Mean	βa	95% CI
Gender
Males	5.00	Referent		5.43	Referent		4.49	Referent		4.34	Referent
Females	5.23	0.33	− 0.05; 0.69	5.63	0.27	− 0.13; 0.63	4.78 †	0.44	− 0.01; 0.89	4.58	0.30	− 0.31; 0.91
Age categories (years)
< 18	4.96	Referent		5.25	Referent		4.65	Referent		4.45	Referent
18–39	5.34	0.17	− 0.06; 0.39	5.81 †	0.27	0.03; 0.41	4.84	0.01	− 0.27; 0.28	4.46	0.10	− 0.28; 0.48
40+	5.11 †	0.38	0.01; 0.75	5.65	0.33	− 0.06; 0.72	4.40 †	0.46	0.01; 0.91	4.47	0.47	− 0.14; 1.08
Age-specific gender categories
< 18 years
Males	4.81	Referent		5.14	Referent		4.35	Referent		4.46	Referent
Females	5.29	0.52	− 0.11; 1.15	5.49	0.41	− 0.25; 1.07	5.30 ‡	1.00	0.26; 1.75	4.42	− 0.02	− 1.05; 1.00
18–39 years
Males	5.63	Referent		6.12	Referent		5.11	Referent		4.75	Referent
Females	5.15	− 0.30	− 1.07; 0.47	5.61	− 0.37	− 1.15; 0.41	4.68	− 0.16	− 1.01; 0.69	4.28	− 0.29	− 1.65; 1.06
40+ years
Males	4.80	Referent		5.48	Referent		4.15	Referent		3.46	Referent
Females	5.27	0.47	− 0.18; 1.13	5.76	0.44	− 0.30; 1.18	4.52	0.21	− 0.69; 1.11	4.98 ‡	1.19	0.18; 2.20

Italic denotes statistically significant results

HRQL is on a scale from 1 to 7, where 1 = best possible HRQL, and 7 = worst possible HRQL

HRQL health-related quality of life, AADR allergen avoidance and dietary restrictions, EI emotional impact, RAE risk of accidental exposure

^†p < 0.05

^‡p < 0.01

^aRepresent mean difference in outcome compared to the reference group. Calculated by linear regression, adjusted for number of food allergies and prescription of an epinephrine autoinjector