Table 2.

Liver oxidative stress markers and antioxidants in control (C), diabetic (D), diabetic+metformin (D+M), and diabetic+3 dose of herbal combination (doses 1, 2 and 3) groups

Variable	Group C	Group D	Group D+M	Group D+dose 1	Group D+dose 2	Group D+dose 3
MDA concentration (nmol/g liver)	66.87±2.31	124.12±4.46***	81.62±1.14***,+++	74.25±1.64+++,@@	70.87±1.02+++	67.00±1.14+++,###
Total thiol (µmol/g liver)	2.97±0.02	1.89±0.04***	2.58±0.07***,+++	2.49±0.05***,+++,@@@	2.57±0.03***,+++,@@@	2.89±0.03+++,###
SOD activity (U/g liver)	27.62±1.46	18.87±1.71***	22.5±1.28	23.12±1.85	25.5±1.55	27.12±1.48+++
CAT activity (U/g liver)	0.92±0.05	0.56±0.03***	0.81±0.05++	0.75±0.02+,@@	0.84±0.04+++	0.9±0.03+++

Values are presented as mean±SEM. Groups D, D+M, D+dose 1 and D+dose 2 vs group C:

Groups D+M, D+dose 1, D+dose 2 and D+dose 3 vs group D:

Group D+dose 3 vs group D+M:

Group D+dose 1 vs group D+dose 3:

Groups D+dose 1 and D+dose 2 vs group D+dose 3:

^***p<0.001.

⁺p<0.05;

⁺⁺p<0.01;

⁺⁺⁺p<0.001.

^###p<0.001.

^@@p<0.01,

^@@@p<0.001.