FIGURE 1:

Treatment of HEK293 cells with menadione inhibited global protein synthesis. (A, E, F) Incorporation of [³⁵S]-labeled amino acids in HEK293 cells. Total cell extracts were separated by SDS–PAGE and analyzed by autoradiography or immunodecorated with specific antibodies. (A) HEK293 cells were treated for 2 h with menadione as indicated. (B) Survival of HEK293 cells treated for 2 h with menadione as indicated. Mean ± SEM. n = 3. (C) Fold change in ATP concentration in HEK293 cells treated for 2 h with menadione as indicated. Mean ± SEM. n = 3. (D) ROS production in HEK293 cells treated for 2 h with menadione as indicated. Mean ± SEM. n = 6. (E) HEK293 cells were treated for 2 h with menadione in the presence of NAC as indicated. (F) HEK293 cells were treated for 2 h with NAC as indicated. Men, menadione; NAC, N-acetyl-l-cysteine. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001 by Student’s t test.