Table 3.

Different nerve injury types and treatment

Type/etiology of nerve injury	Treatment options
Hematoma	Observation (if hemostasis is achieved)
	Manual or ultrasound-guided compression for hemostasis
	Endovascular means to achieve hemostasis (embolization or stent-graft if feasible/appropriate)
	Surgical evacuation/repair
Pseudoaneurysm	Ultrasound-guided compression
	Ultrasound-guided thrombin injection
	Endovascular management (embolization and stent-graft placement if feasible/appropriate)
	Surgical repair
Compartment syndrome	Fasciotomy
Neuralgia (i.e., femoral neuralgia)	Observation
	Physical therapy
	Nerve block
	Analgesic and pain medications
Palsies (i.e., brachial palsy)	Early surgical intervention for decompression
	Physical therapy
Regional complex pain syndrome	Physical therapy
	Psychotherapy
	Medications such as opioids, tricyclic antidepressants, anticonvulsants
	Sympathetic nerve block
	Surgical sympathectomy