Fig. 7.

HYA-producing Lactobacillus contributes to host metabolic improvement. Changes in a body weight (n = 10, 10, and 8 per group) and b tissue weight (n = 10 per group) at 16 weeks of age were measured in GF and gnotobiotic mice suffering from HFD-induced obesity. Scale bar; 1 cm. epi, epididymal; peri, perirenal; sub, subcutaneous. c Blood glucose (n = 8, 9, and 9 per group), d total plasma cholesterol (n = 8, 7, and 7 per group), e triglyceride (n = 9, 9, and 10 per group), f GLP-1 (n = 8 per group), and g insulin (n = 7 per group) levels were measured at the end of the experimental period. h mRNA expression of Tnfα in the WAT of HFD-induced obesity (n = 8 per group). i Fecal triglyceride levels were measured at 16 weeks of age (n = 10 per group). j After colonization of lactic acid bacteria for 1 week, OGTT was assessed (n = 7 per group). **P < 0.01; *P < 0.05 vs. GF mice (Tukey–Kramer test). ^##P < 0.01; ^#P < 0.05 vs. HYA ( + ) (Tukey–Kramer test). k Cecal HYA was quantified in GF and gnotobiotic mice at 16 weeks of age (n = 9, 10, 10, and 7 per group). Results are presented as means ± SE. Source data are provided as a Source Data file 7